英:[ʃɔ:m]
美:[ʃɔm]
英:[ʃɔ:m]
美:[ʃɔm]
noun
an early double-reed wind instrument, recognized as the forerunner of the oboe.
一种类似于古管的中世纪乐器,14世纪晚期,称为 shalemyes(复数),也称为 schallemele,源自古法语 chalemie, chalemel,源自晚期拉丁语 calamellus,字面意思是“小芦苇”,是拉丁语 calamus 的小型词,意为“芦苇”,源自希腊语 kalamos,“芦苇,草茎”,常用于比喻由芦苇制成的物品(“芦笛,钓竿,芦笔”等)。
希腊词源自 PIE *kole-mo-,“草,芦苇”,也是古英语 healm,古高地德语 halm “稻草”的来源; 拉丁语 culmus “茎”; 古普鲁士语 salme “稻草”,拉脱维亚语 salms,俄语 soloma。梵语 kalama- “书写芦苇”,阿拉伯语 qalam 据 Beekes 称是从希腊语借来的。
从15世纪中叶开始,被误认为是复数,并从其“-s”结尾中削减。也许在途中受到古法语 muse 的影响,作为一种风乐器的名称(如中古英语变体 shalmuse)。相关: Shawmist。Shawm 也被用作动词,约于1500年,用于鸭子,“honk”(发出类似于古管的声音)。
Middle English (Scots) schalme, alteration of Middle English shalemie, from Middle French chalemie, ultimately from Latin calamus reed — more at calamus
The first known use of shawm was in the 15th century
1 Then there's an elegant treatment of The Boar's Head, featuring the shawm, a medieval reed instrument, and sturdy a cappella vocal harmonies on the American spiritual Poor Little Jesus.
2 There was to be a grand service, they said, with "trumpets and shawms" and the big drum, and the old Bishop preaching, making, in all probability, his very last public appearance.
3 Also the chosen of the years, The multitude being at ease, With sackbuts and with dulcimers And noise of shawms and psalteries Made mirth within the ears of these.
4 To hear their early recordings in particular is to hear the timbres of the shawms, sackbuts and hurdy-gurdies of early instrumental music, rendered vocally.
5 "You might have a sacred concert, and Mr. Hicks could represent the shawms and cymbals with his flute."
6 She was beating her shawms and cymbals in the old way, but to a new tune, and the tune was not the song of liberty, he believed, but a child's lullaby.
7 The valleys green acclaim The legions that assemble In royal robe and tire, With timbrel, shawm and choir.
8 Would any of those poor creatures have been the better for your knowing “How many notes a sackbut has, Or whether shawms have strings,” or the Greek particles, which I believe were what sacked you?”
9 Then go, my girls, dance in the meadows to the sound of bagpipes and shawms.
10 Indeed the word calamus still lives, though corrupted to the French chalumeau and still further altered to the German Schalmei and the English shawm.
11 Among them, the consulate Mr. Shawm Steil will give a lecture on Sino-Canada cooperation and Mrs Steil, a doctor from Toronto Univerty will give a lecture on Canadian drama.
其中,既有戴尚安领事带来的加中合作主题演讲,也有领事夫人、加拿大多伦多大学博士葛瑾女士主讲的加拿大戏剧讲座。
12 The glad news was blazed abroad without delay; and they beat the tabrets and cymbals, whilst the shawms sounded and the people held high festival.
13 Mr. Savall assembled a Renaissance big band of 24 players, wielding cornetto, shawms, dulcians and sackbuts as well as ancient and newer strings, and a cast of six singers and two actors.
14 Instrumental contributions were most pleasing when they featured matching instruments, shawms and dulcians together or all recorders, where each overlapping contrapuntal line could be traced in the same timbre.
15 It was evolved in the sixteenth century from the pommers and bombards: the tenors and basses of the shawm or oboe family.
16 The 'beano' comes very near to this land—so near that across its marches you may hear the sackbut and shawm from the breaks.
17 We must also place among double-reed instruments the various bagpipes, cornemuses, and musettes, which are shawm or oboe instruments with reservoirs of air, and furnished with drones inclosing single reeds.
18 It was formerly more like the reed of the shawm, an instrument from which the oboe has been derived; and that of the present bassoon.
19 They were decorated with flowers and every kind of greenery, with flags flying, and drums and fifes, bagpipes and shawms playing most joyfully.
20 A joyous sound of shawms and silver rebecks interrupted his discourse.
1 萧姆管