英:[ˈsaɪəntɪst]
美:[ˈsaɪəntɪst]
英:[ˈsaɪəntɪst]
美:[ˈsaɪəntɪst]
sci·en·tist
saI n tihst
复数:scientists
词根:science
adj.scientific 科学的,系统的
adv.scientifically 系统地;合乎科学地;学问上
n.science 科学;技术;学科;理科
noun
one who uses scientific procedures and is involved in science, esp. the physical or natural sciences.
computer scientist计算机科学家
social scientist社会科学家
rocket scientist火箭专家;股市分析高手;[喻]行家
political scientist政治学者
medical scientist医学家,医学科学家
"科学专家或热衷于科学的人",1834年,由英国博学家威廉·休厄尔牧师通过拉丁语 scientia(参见 science)创造的混合词,类比于 artist,在他创造 physicist(见相关词条)的同一段落中。1778年有一次孤立使用 sciencist,1885年使用 scientician。1899年出现 Scientaster,意为"小气或低劣的科学家"(参见 -aster)。
科学家:在科学上博学者,尤指在某特定领域积极进行研究者
scient- (in Latin scientia "knowledge, science" or in scientific) + -ist >entry 1 Note: The word scientist was apparently first introduced by the English polymath William Whewell (1794-1866). The coinage is referred to in an unsigned book review authored by Whewell in The Quarterly Review, vol. 51 (March & June, 1834), pp. 58-59: "The tendency of the sciences has long been an increasing proclivity to separation and dismemberment …The mathematician turns away from the chemist; the chemist from the naturalist; the mathematician, left to himself, divides himself into a pure mathematician and a mixed mathematician, who soon part company; the chemist is perhaps a chemist of electro-chemistry; if so, he leaves common chemical analysis to others; between the mathematician and the chemist is to be interpolated a 'physicien' (we have no English name for him), who studies heat, moisture, and the like. And thus science, even mere physical science, loses all traces of unity. A curious illustration of this result may be observed in the want of any name by which we can designate the students of the knowledge of the material world collectively. We are informed that this difficulty was felt very oppresively by the members of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, in their meetings at York, Oxford, and Cambridge, in the last three summers. There was no general term by which these gentlemen could describe themselves with reference to their pursuits. Philosophers was felt to be too wide and too lofty a term, and was very properly forbidden them by Mr. [Samuel Taylor] Coleridge, both in his capacity of philologer [philologist] and metaphysician; savans was rather assuming, besides being French instead of English; some ingenious gentleman [apparently William Whewell himself] proposed that, by analogy with artist, they might form scientist, and added that there could be no scruple in making free with this termination when we have such words as sciolist, economist and atheist—but this was not generally palatable …." As Whewell indicates, his coinage was not a success, though, undeterred, he reintroduced it in 1840, and the word seems to have been produced independently of Whewell in the following two decades in both Britain and the United States (where it was more readily accepted). For documentation and details, see Sydney Ross, "Scientist: the story of a word," Annals of Science, vol. 18, no. 2 (June, 1962), pp. 65-85.
The first known use of scientist was in 1834
scientistnoun
a person skilled in science and especially natural science : a scientific investigator
scientistnoun
a person learned in science and especially natural science : a scientific investigator
1 She was also a scientist, nun, poet, visionary and diplomat, and her music is still performed and admired now, nearly a thousand years later.
2 British and American scientists were both exploring the science.
3 Some inconsistencies in the present guidelines come to light only after scientists started doing research.
只有在科学工作者开始研究之后,目前这个准则中的矛盾才会暴露出未.
4 Many of the scientists Lawrence and Loomis assembled at the MIT Rad Lab would eventually move on to the team that was to build the bomb.
5 Papa said scientists speculated that from the moon, the earth looked blue.
6 It's not like I'm some mad scientist who planned and studied and dreamed about becoming invisible all his life, and now it's happened, so now I can use my powers to take over the world.
7 I feel like a scientist making a discovery, except it’s not a vaccine or a bomb.
8 As the experiment continued, more and more curious scientists crammed onto the balcony.
9 Today scientists agree that “race” is a meaningless concept since human differences are only skin deep, but the Nazis defined the Aryan race as Nordic or Caucasian people with no mixture of Jewish ancestry.
10 According to some estimates, almost half the scientists and high technologists on Earth are employed full- or part-time on military matters.
11 When will scientist conquer cancer?
科学家什么时候才能征服癌症呢?
12 Like almost all other English scientists, he joined the war effort and became part of the Admiralty’s scientific establishment.
13 If the computer’s operating system was rewritten, computer scientists realized, the machine’s time could be shared; the computer could be trained to handle hundreds of tasks at the same time.
14 It is a word not typically used to describe science, or scientists.
15 Doctors, like scientists, love to give long names to things.
16 And so every time an interesting new virus appears in the meat factories, the scientists take samples and craft them into viruses that can infect humans.
17 Alvarez told Oppenheimer that uranium atoms split in two—scientists were calling it fission.
18 Thousands of years ago Indigenous scientists turned a wild grain into a food source that sustained their bodies and their spiritual lives.
19 He thinks that Locke is the greatest philosopher who has ever lived and Newton the greatest scientist.
20 Recently, a scientist has invented a special robot that can be a table tennis coach.
最近,一位科学家发明了一种特殊的机器人,它可以当乒乓球教练。