basidium

1 They resemble each other very much, except that the basidia bear four sterigmata and a spore on each.

2 This conjugate condition is finally brought to a close by the nuclear fusion in the basidium.

3 There is one great group of fungi called Basidiomycetes, so named from having their stalked spores produced on basidia.

4 The basidia are peculiar to the order, are deeply seated in the substance of the plant, rounded or globose, and divided into four cells in a cruciate manner.

5 The basidia are like those of the genus, globose, sunk in the substance of the plant, and terminate with four long, slender, sterigmata which rise to the surface and bear the spores.

6 In Figure 2 a number of sterile cells will be seen which resemble the basidia except that the latter bear four sterigmata upon which the spores rest.

7 They are characterized by their principal spores being produced externally, usually in fours, upon an organ called a basidium.

8 C, A basidium before the four nuclei derived from the secondary nucleus of the basidium have passed into the four basidiospores.

9 The “gills” are actually compacted hyphae on which the basidia are borne.

10 Saccardo, in defining the terms which he employs, accepts the term spores as applicable exclusively to the naked spores supported on basidia, as found in the Basidiomycete�.

11 The cystidia are usually larger than the basidia, varying in size and form in different species.

12 Paraphyses may be present as aborted basidia, but cystidia are rarely distinguished.

13 Montagne and Berkeley are credited with being the first to show the true structure of the hymenium in the puff-balls, as well as to demonstrate the presence of basidia.

14 Between the nuclear association and the nuclear fusion in the basidium many thousands of cell generations may be intercalated.

15 In F, a basidium is shown, with the young spores just forming.

16 The young basidia as seen in Figure 2 are filled with a granular protoplasm.

17 The basidium is a unicellular or multicellular structure from which four basidiospores arise as outgrowths; it starts as a binucleate structure, but soon, like the ascus, becomes uninucleate by the fusion of the two nuclei.

18 The basidiocarp bears the developing basidia on the gills under its cap.

19 This genus resembles Clavaria, but is identified by being somewhat gelatinous and viscid when moist and rather horn-like when dry, but especially by its two-lobed basidia.

20 The spores are borne on club-shaped basidia, as in the common mushrooms.

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