英:[bækˈtɪəriə]
美:[bækˈtɪriə]
英:[bækˈtɪəriə]
美:[bækˈtɪriə]
bac·te·ri·a
baek ti ri
词根:bacteria
adj.bacteriological 细菌学的,[微] 细菌学上的
bacteriologic 细菌学的
n.bacteriology 细菌学
bacteriolysis [生化] 溶菌作用;细菌分解处理
noun
Overprescribing antibiotics can contribute to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.—Maanvi SinghNote: Microscopic single-celled organisms lacking a distinct nucleus are known as bacteria. They may be shaped like spheres, rods, or spirals. They inhabit virtually all environments, including soil, water, organic matter, and the bodies of animals. Many bacteria swim by means of long whiplike structures called flagella. The DNA of most bacteria is found in a single, circular chromosome, and is distributed throughout the cytoplasm rather than contained within a membrane-enclosed nucleus. Though some bacteria can cause food poisoning and infectious diseases in humans, most are harmless and many are beneficial. They are used in various industrial processes, especially in the food industry (for example, in the production of yogurt, cheeses, and pickles).
diseases caused by bacteria
lactic acid bacteria乳酸菌
pathogenic bacteria致病菌;病原菌
photosynthetic bacteria光合细菌
harmful bacteria有害细菌;病菌
anaerobic bacteria厌氧细菌,厌氧菌;嫌气细菌
sulfate reducing bacteria硫酸盐还原菌
coliform bacteria大肠型细菌
aerobic bacteria需氧细菌;好氧细菌
heterotrophic bacteria异养细菌
acetic acid bacteria醋酸菌;乙酸菌;醋酸细菌
denitrifying bacteria反硝化细菌
intestinal bacteria肠道细菌
nitrifying bacteria硝化细菌;硝化菌
methane bacteria甲烷菌;甲烷细菌
iron bacteria铁细菌
gram negative bacteria革兰氏阴性细菌
symbiotic bacteria共生菌
sulphate reducing bacteria硫酸还原物
这组词都有“致病的微生物”的意思,其区别是:
bacteria(系bacterium的复数形式),泛指任何在动植物体中广泛传播的微生物细菌,其中有的对生命体无害,有的能导致传染病或严重疾病,如天花、霍乱等。
germ微生物的俗称,专指引起人体生命的病菌。
virus技术用语,特指病毒或过滤性病原体。
bug非正式用词,指细菌或由病毒所引起的传染病。
microbe本义指在显微镜下才能见到的微生物,现在多指引起疾病的细菌。
以上来源于网络
"无组织核的单细胞微生物",有时会引起疾病,1847年,现代拉丁语 bacterium 的复数形式,源自希腊语 bakterion "小棒",是 baktron "棒,杆,棍"的小型形式。因为最早观察到的是棒状的,所以被称为细菌。德国博物学家克里斯蒂安·戈特弗里德·埃伦贝格于1838年引入了这个科学词汇。有时也会错误地使用经典复数形式作为单数。
希腊词源于原始印欧语 *bak- "用于支撑的杆,钉"(比较拉丁语 baculum "杆,手杖"; 爱尔兰语 bacc,威尔士语 bach "钩,弯曲的杆"; 中古荷兰语 pegel "钉,销,螺栓")。德·范写道:"由于原始印欧语中很少有*b,而凯尔特语显示出无法解释的双子音,我们可能正在处理一个来自未知来源的借词。"
细菌
[拉] 〔单bacterium〕细菌,〔无芽胞〕杆菌
细菌
单细胞不含叶绿素和细胞壁无纤维素成分的原核微生物。
细菌
plural of bacterium
The first known use of bacteria was in 1864
bacterialadjective
of, relating to, or caused by bacteria
bacteria
bacteria1 of 2
1 If Dad had been in there, ants and worms could have gotten in through the cracks and eaten him, or at least microscopic bacteria could have.
2 They turn out to be little separate creatures, the colonial posterity of migrant prokaryocytes, probably primitive bacteria that swam into ancestral precursors of our eukaryotic cells and stayed there.
3 Bacteria was introduced into his bloodstream through an unsterile needle.
细菌通过未消毒的针进入了他的血流中.
4 It is the information carried by the bacteria that we cannot abide.
5 Sometimes they live inside each other; the Bdellovibrio penetrate the walls of other bacteria, tuck themselves up inside, replicate, and burst out again as though they thought themselves phages.
6 Can put a genetically modified organism into another cell, or even put bacteria, plant genetic exchange.
可以把某一生物的基因转殖送入另一种细胞中, 甚至可把细菌 、 动植物的基因互换.
7 Other times, he asked for tea and then went on to examine the sugar bowl and the tin of milk, muttering, “The capabilities of bacteria are quite extraordinary.”
8 The people who developed the custom of eating sushi with wasabi didn’t even know there was such a thing as bacteria.
9 Penta is extremely toxic to a wide variety of organisms from bacteria to man.
10 They used to do that all the time in hospital labs with bacteria.
11 The wild bacteria consume the cell culture, eat it up, and make a variety of different smells in the air while they’re prowing, whereas viruses kill cells^ without releasing an odor.
12 If you're wondering how bacteria on Earth survive longer periods of cold, the answer is they don't.
13 Some of these bacteria are finding their way into our food.
14 It was also impossible to know how many innocent people picked up the bacteria from the prisoners on these stops.
15 “Trying to be a part of my life? You know, the same could be said about head lice. Or termites. Or botulism. Those bacteria are just trying to be a part of our lives!”
16 If your urine specimen shows the presence of bacteria, you'll be prescribed antibiotics.
如果你的尿样显示有细菌存在,医生会给你开抗生素。
17 Dogs have as much bacteria, just different kinds.
18 He wondered if Zero had heard of bacteria.
19 The pockets trap more bacteria and food particles.
这些囊状物会储存更多的细菌和食物颗粒。
20 “There are bacteria in your stomach that help digest food. During the process, gas is released,” he explains.