英:[ɪkˈstɪŋkʃn]
美:[ɪkˈstɪŋkʃn]
英:[ɪkˈstɪŋkʃn]
美:[ɪkˈstɪŋkʃn]
ex·tinc·tion
ihk stIngk shn
词根:extinct
adj.extinct 灭绝的,绝种的;熄灭的
n.extinguisher 灭火器;消灭者;熄灭者
vt.extinct 使熄灭
noun
the act of making extinct or causing to be extinguished
gradual extinction of the national debt
the condition or fact of being extinctor: the process of becoming extinct … at least 17 species of the island's largest mammals, birds, and reptiles were lost in a wave of extinctions that occurred about 1,000 years ago. —Pamela S. Cubberly Now, more than 40 percent of the world's 7,000 or so languages are thought to be at risk of extinction, some with just a handful of elderly native speakers left. —Benjamin Plackett see also mass extinction
attempting to save a species from extinction
the process of eliminating or reducing a conditioned (see conditioned sense 2) response by not reinforcing it
When a rat in a Skinner box presses a lever, a tone sounds momentarily, followed shortly by delivery of food. … After the animal has been conditioned in this way, the experimenter begins extinction, so that when the rat presses the lever neither the tone nor the food appears.—Rita L. Atkinson et al.
extinction ratio消光比;消减比率
extinction coefficient消光系数
mass extinction大量消亡
fire extinction灭火
arc extinction消弧,灭弧
light extinction消光;消光法
extinction angle消光角
15世纪初,“灭绝”,源自拉丁语 extinctionem/exstinctionem(主格 extinctio/exstinctio)“灭绝,毁灭”,是 extinguere/exstinguere “扑灭,消除”的动作名词,参见 extinguish。最初指火灾、灯火; 比喻意义上,指从17世纪初起消除物质事物(债务、人、家庭等); 至1784年,指物种的灭绝。
消灭
消退
灭绝
熄灭
消退:在心理学中,指条件反应因未强化而消失
亦指趋于消失的过程
消光
消光
天体辐射受到中介宇宙尘和地球大气的吸收与散射而造成的强度的减弱和颜色的变化。
绝灭
絕滅
消光
灭绝
当一个物种的最后一个个体死亡后,称该物种灭绝。
绝灭
熄火
消光
灭绝
又称“绝灭”。一种特定的生物或一群发生全球性的死亡和消失的现象。
The first known use of extinction was in the 15th century
extirpateverb
to pull up by the roots
to destroy completely
extinguishverb
to cause to stop burning
to cause to die out
extinguishverb
to cause to stop burning
to cause to die out
extinguishverb
to cause to stop burning
to cause to die out
extinguishverb
to cause to stop burning
to cause to die out
extinguishverb
to cause to stop burning
to cause to die out
extinctionnoun
an act of extinguishing or an instance of being extinguished
the state of being extinct
the process of becoming extinct
the process of eliminating or reducing a conditioned response by not providing the stimulus with which it has become associated by conditioning
extinctionnoun
the process of becoming extinctalso: the condition or fact of being extinct
the extinction of a species
the process of eliminating or reducing a conditioned response by not reinforcing it
1 It would be tragic to lose the elms, but it would be doubly tragic if, in vain efforts to save them, we plunge vast segments of our bird populations into the night of extinction.
2 The errors caused by prism extinction ratio variation are investigated.
研究了棱镜消光比变化引起的误差.
3 But here’s the thing: All that dying, all those extinctions?
4 In Europe, untold numbers of native species were crushed against the impassable barrier of the Alps and its smaller cousins and fell into extinction.
5 A rare wild rhinoceros on the brink of extinction is probably more satisfied than a calf who spends its short life inside a tiny box, fattened to produce juicy steaks.
6 The extinction of the Australian megafauna was probably the first significant mark Homo sapiens left on our planet.
7 Second, they also serve as a way of protecting some species from extinction.
其次, 动物园也具备保护某些动物免于绝种的功能.
8 The animals were ruthlessly hunted to the verge of extinction.
这些动物由于遭到无情的捕猎而濒于灭绝。
9 There are three pieces of evidence that weaken the climate alibi, and implicate our ancestors in the extinction of the Australian megafauna.
10 "And remember," added Anderson, "this was a relatively minor event. Do you know how many extinctions were associated with the Manson impact?"
11 Once the wild were on the verge of extinction, the natural ecology be ruined.
一旦野生动物趋进灭亡, 大自然的生态环境也将随之毁灭.
12 I’d rather trust a bunch of humans not to hunt a species to extinction than trust an LEP consultant, thought Mulch.
13 Though it will make survival possible for only a select portion of our population, unless we take extreme measures, we face the eventual extinction of the human race.
14 One theory is that they were hunted to extinction by humans.
一种理论是,它们是由于人类的猎杀而灭绝的。
15 And why does extinction run in families and groups, as if bad genes may be responsible?
为什么灭绝发生在同一族群, 仿佛是劣质基因的责任?
16 What chance, if any, existed at that propitious moment to put slavery on the road to extinction?
17 Researchers had previously noted the temporal coincidence between the paleo-Indians’ arrival and the mass extinction, but they didn’t believe that small bands of hunters could wreak such ecological havoc.
18 This period of extinction wasn't comprehensive.
这一时期的灭绝并不彻底。
19 “But our numbers are not a fraction of what they were. We have fallen into near extinction. Do any of you know what became of the peculiar animals that once roamed the world?”
20 By now it's a truism that we live at a time of almost unparalleled species extinction.
目前的事实是,我们生活在一个几乎前所未有的物种灭绝年代.
2 不复存在
past lost gone extinct demise disappear vanish tumble bite the dust dead as a dodo go out of be history
3 消失
extinct passing disappearance dissolution dissipation go walk die lift drain disappear wipe melt dissolve crumble evaporate perish wither fizzle die a death magic away go walkabout go away grow out burn out fall away swallow up self-destruct out lapse evaporation fadeaway evanescence set pass remove drop resolve fleet fade flee cease vanish occult ebb tine involute evanesce evanish furl dematerialize kill snatch obliterate deaden unmake go to the wind wipeoff the map
4 杀光
5 熄灭
dead out extinguishment die expire damp choke extinguish stifle quench snuff douse extinct snuff out smother suffocate slake flicker out extinctive blanketing burn-out wink
6 消灭
wipe-out erase eradicate nuke obliterate exterminate spifflicate defunct away annihilation disperse lose root wipe counteract confound shrink away knock for six destruction liquidation uncreate kill consume extinguish annihilate muffle unmake end vanish liquidate make a bonfire of die out extinctive eradicative out death eradication extermination obliteration pass die eliminate expire crumble perish evanish waste destroy sweep trash rubbish evaporate extinct preclude expunge efface outroot
7 废除
revocatory defeat cancellation repeal abolish lapse dissolution revocation abolition rescission cassation recision desuetude defeasance level dissolve undo revoke overthrow cashier supersede extinguish relinquish rescind quash annul abrogate doff unmake disestablish rescissory resolutive cancel disposition demolition deprivation annulment disengagement unthrone obrogate dismantle renounce nullify put an end to
8 死亡
extinct obituary death die depart doom mortality expiration demise fatality dissolution bane parting decease starve push up daisies be food for worms belly up
9 偿清
11 衰减
reduction drop-off damping attenuation extenuation damp weaken decay attenuate decrement degrade
12 吸光度
14 灭亡
15 断绝
finished extinct break severance disconnection break-off sever drop disconnect rupture wean from
16 灭绝
extinct annihilation quietus exterminate die out kill die uproot uncreate defunct wipe-out deracinate extinguish kill off vanished vanish disappear disappearance extinctive consumption extermination dissolution deaden depeople annihilate extirpate go out of existence
18 绝种