英:[spru:s]
美:[sprus]
英:[spru:s]
美:[sprus]
复数:spruces或spruce
第三人称单数:spruces
现在分词:sprucing
过去式:spruced
过去分词:spruced
比较级:sprucer
最高级:sprucest
verb
transitive verb
to make spruce—often used with up
intransitive verb
to make oneself spruce
spruce up a bit
adjective
neat or smart in appearance : trim
noun
any of a genus (Picea) of evergreen trees of the pine family with a conical head of dense foliage, flat or 4-sided needles, pendulous cones, and soft light wood
any of several coniferous trees (such as Douglas fir) of similar habit
the wood of a spruce
spruce up打扮整齐漂亮
sitka spruce[植物]西加云杉;[植物]阿拉斯加云杉
"一种常绿树,云杉-冷杉",1660年代,源自 spruse(形容词)"由云杉木制成"(15世纪早期),最初是从普鲁士进口的。它字面上是"来自普鲁士",源自中古英语 Spruce, Sprws(14世纪晚期),对 Pruce "普鲁士"的未解释的改动,这是来自 Prussia 的古法语形式。15世纪的一份英国政府文件中用 Sprusiers 指代"普鲁士人"。
Spruce 似乎是指由汉萨同盟商人从波罗的海和东方带到英格兰的商品的通用术语(尤其是啤酒、木板和木箱以及皮革)。因此,这种树在波罗的海和斯堪的纳维亚广泛生长,被认为是普鲁士特有的,在都铎时代在英格兰成为时尚服饰和奢侈品的象征,因此可能是 spruce(形容词)。
He shall liue in the land of Spruce, milke and hony flowing into his mouth sleeping [Chapman, "Masque of the Middle Temple and Lincoln's Inn," 1613]
他将生活在云杉之地,奶和蜜流入他的口中睡觉 [查普曼,《中殿和林肯律师学院的面具》,1613年]
在17世纪的短语 spruce-boards 中,很难确定其意义是"云杉的"还是"来自普鲁士的"。
在科学上,作为一种独特的常绿树种,从1731年开始使用。几乎所有的 pines 都有长长的、柔软的针叶,每组有两片(苏格兰云杉)到五片(白云杉); spruce 和 fir 的针叶单独生长。Spruce 的针叶呈方形且尖锐; fir 的针叶短而扁平。fir 的球果直立,而 spruce 的球果在掉落前悬挂。
Spruce beer "由云杉-冷杉的叶子制成的饮料或云杉的精华"约为1500年。
Adjective perhaps from obsolete English Spruce leather leather imported from Prussia Noun obsolete Spruce Prussia, from Middle English, alteration of Pruce, from Anglo-French
The first known use of spruce was in the 15th century
spryadjective
light and easy in motion : nimble, sprightly
a spry 75-year-old
sprung
spruce1 of 3verb
to make or make oneself spruce spruce up a bit before going out to dinner
spruce up a room
spruce2 of 3adjective
neat or stylish in appearance
spruce3 of 3noun
any of a genus of usually pyramid-shaped evergreen trees that are related to the pines and have soft light wood
the wood of a spruce
1 Before appearing in public with Toscanini, however, Shirley had first to spruce up his cage.
2 Among the many passengers on this boat, both male and female, was a spruce young dandy.
船上载着许多男女旅客, 其中有一个穿着一身考究衣服的花花公子.
3 The train runs northwest, through hundreds of miles of scraggy forests and granite outcrops, hundreds of small blue anonymous lakes edged with swamp and bulrushes and dead spruce, old snow in the shadows.
4 Conifer tree style such as pine, fir, spruce, redwood, arborvitae, etc.
针叶类树包括松树 、 杉树 、 云杉 、 红木 、 柏树, 等等.
5 I spruced myself up before I went out.
我出去以前先打扮了一下.
6 “I want to spruce up our apartment, make it feel more like home. But on a tiny budget. I have a list of ideas.”
7 At this moment, however, the robes were still new, since the year was but well begun, and Wang Lung was proud of their spruce appearance.
8 On a shelf I find a book of landscapes filled with illustrations of every stinking tree that grows: sycamore, linden, aspen, willow, fir, tulip poplar, chestnut, elm, spruce, pine.
9 By forcing Greece to spruce up its incomplete land registry, speed could have useful wider effects.
希腊将不得不清理他们不太完善的土地登记,这时候雷厉风行一点可能会更加有用,效果更好。
10 The orchard is surrounded by spruce forest.
该种子园四周有云杉林环绕。
11 Those thousands of new homebuyers will need to spruce up their castles.
成千上万的买房者需要装饰他们的“城堡”.
12 For the first few miles the Stampede Trail was well graded and led past cabins scattered among weedy stands of spruce and aspen.
13 The three of them leaped through dark forests of fir and spruce.
14 Dogwood, elms, hemlocks, balsam firs, and red spruces still thrived.
15 The insects have chewed up 4 million acres of spruce trees.
这些昆虫能吃掉4百万英亩的云杉树。
16 The building a composition of Finnish pine, spruce and birch, and a testimonial to their special.
建筑采用了芬兰松木, 云杉和桦树作为主材料, 也证实了这些木材其固有的特征.
17 “Is that bad? Maybe they’re downsizing. Or redecorating. My dad says knowing what to throw away is the single most important thing about sprucing up your home.”
18 John Curtis created the first American packaged gum using spruce sap.
约翰·柯蒂斯用云杉树液做出了美国第一个包装口香糖。
19 Chris was looking spruce in his stiff-collared black shirt and new short hair cut.
克里斯穿着硬领黑衫,新理了短发,看起来整洁帅气。
20 He looked round at his bedraggled, shivering comrades and then at Kehaar, spruce and brisk on the stern.
1 整洁
sprucy clean tight trim neat crisp feat tidy snug orderly smug dapper prim trig dinky spiffy clean-cut natty spiffing tiddly kempt featly slicked-up spic-and-span fairly mense neaten fettle spick-and-span pretty smart taut soignee soigne tidily trimly tidiness trimness slick up straight uncluttered shipshape clear up sleek dink spiff spit-and-polish nattily orderliness groom Bristol fashion
2 修饰
decorative trim modification trimming deck modify array trap grace ornament embellish embroider beautify bedeck lace cooper up
4 欺骗
management twist fraud Con cheat hype delusion falsehood masquerade deceit trickery rip-off duplicity subterfuge bunco gyp skulduggery double-cross Legerdemain hocus-pocus put-on double-dealing jiggery-pokery covin try-on job have sell kid string trick screw Sharp Trim fool stiff fox deceive sucker COD mislead two-time circumvent dupe fob gull delude weasel snooker mystify entrap shuck humbug hoodwink bamboozle bilk gammon finagle hocus skank euchre flimflam chicane cozen pettifog befool short-sheet illude mamaguy verneuk put upon make a fool of play false play a trick on throw dust in eyes sell a bill of goods take for a ride screw over put one over on slip over on do the dirty on tricky spurious illusory tortuous fiddling delusive take-in hustle deception fudge sham dishonesty guile stratagem boondoggle razzmatazz blague swizz diddle con buffalo hoax beguile do green cross lie bite blind impose mock fiddle juggle jockey chisel under false colours bludge on on the fiddle stall off put one across fob off sell a a pup put it across try it on
6 云杉
7 使潇洒
9 洒脱
12 整洁的
sprucy clean tight trim neat crisp feat tidy snug orderly smug dapper prim trig dinky spiffy clean-cut natty spiffing tiddly kempt featly slicked-up spick-and-span pretty smart taut soignee soigne slick up Trim snappy shipshape Bristol fashion uncluttered sleek dink spiff spit-and-polish
13 松科
pine fir hemlock larch ponderosa loblolly tamarack Sitka deodar arolla Douglas fir longleaf pine western hemlock balsam fir jack pine white fir slash pine maritime pine Scots pine silver fir limber pine pine vole Norway spruce stone pine lodgepole pine bristlecone pine Engelmann spruce
15 漂亮
beaut sprucy well-looking swellish sniptious pretty likely fine beautiful cool gear smart fantastic trick tall sharp cute trim stylish brave swell adorable spicy chic heavenly handsome minion classy darling nifty admirable daisy posh snappy sassy good-looking swish swagger dandy dashing snazzy saucy canny trig tony swank dinky jaunty spiffy nippy ritzy nice-looking natty ducky Bonny rakish goody-goody seemly copperplate dossy toothsome spiffing flossy braw nobby colorific sparkish high-tone gradely dashy spandy gyver fair sweet fairly lovely finely bravely one-two-three prettily finery prettiness smartness hipness hipsterism smarten slick exotic plush dressy goodly shapely dishy able dainty foxy well-favored a love of what-ho posh-looking prick-up spick-and-span niftic catish swellelegous good nice proper grand proud prime brilliant gorgeous elegant keen wizard feat spectator chick dreamy nutty knowing smashing presentable chipper pin-up peachy wally knobby spiff tricksy high-toned voguish well-favoured slicked-up nicely smartly handsomely tosh class beauty drift brilliance pulchritude sug shapeliness presentability
16 活跃
mosso sprucy dynamic athletic vibrant bustling kinetic pragmatic stirring roaring cheery humming hopping chippy sparky spry rustling gingery pacey chirk pacy bobbish busily swinging life activity athleticism fizz entrain alive bustle warm jump flourish sparkle hum floruit liven quick perk brighten rev up and doing full of prunes
17 潇洒
trig rakish jauntiness smarten free pretty smart chic chick cheesy gracious nutty chipper hunky natty prettily prettiness
19 生气勃勃
sprucy lifeful gawsie vegete live green fresh warm vital vibrant animated animate cracking spirited brisk bouncy snappy bouncing punchy exuberant perky storming sappy lusty peppy sparky sprightly yeasty cant gingery spritely spirituous kicky crouse beany bloomy spiritous unjaded lively flush exuberance alive percolate zing like a steam engine full of beam full of the joys of spring
20 外表整洁的
21 装病
22 漂亮的
beaut sprucy well-looking swellish sniptious pretty likely fine beautiful cool gear smart fantastic trick tall sharp cute trim stylish brave swell adorable spicy chic heavenly handsome minion classy darling nifty admirable daisy posh snappy sassy good-looking swish swagger dandy dashing snazzy saucy canny trig tony swank dinky jaunty spiffy nippy ritzy nice-looking natty ducky Bonny rakish goody-goody seemly copperplate dossy toothsome spiffing flossy braw nobby colorific sparkish high-tone gradely dashy spandy gyver sweet exotic plush dressy goodly shapely able dainty foxy dishy well-favored a love of what-ho posh-looking prick-up spick-and-span niftic catish swellelegous good nice proper grand proud prime brilliant gorgeous elegant keen wizard feat spectator chick dreamy nutty knowing smashing presentable chipper pin-up peachy wally knobby spiff tricksy high-toned voguish well-favoured slicked-up
23 活跃的
mosso sprucy dynamic athletic vibrant bustling kinetic pragmatic stirring roaring cheery humming hopping chippy sparky spry rustling gingery pacey chirk pacy bobbish swinging alive up and doing full of prunes
25 生气勃勃的
sprucy lifeful gawsie vegete live green fresh warm vital vibrant animated animate cracking spirited brisk bouncy snappy bouncing punchy exuberant perky storming sappy lusty peppy sparky sprightly yeasty cant gingery spritely spirituous kicky crouse beany bloomy spiritous unjaded alive full of beam