英:[ʃæm]
美:[ʃæm]
英:[ʃæm]
美:[ʃæm]
复数:shams
第三人称单数:shams
现在分词:shamming
过去式:shammed
过去分词:shammed
词根:sham
n.shammer 骗子;撒谎者;欺诈者;冒充者
noun
a trick that deludes : hoax
feared that the deal was a sham
cheap falseness : hypocrisy
saw through the hollowness, the sham, the silliness of the empty pageant—Oscar Wilde
an ornamental covering for a pillow
an imitation or counterfeit purporting to be genuine
a person who shams
adjective
not genuine : false, feigned
having such poor quality as to seem false
verb
transitive verb
to go through the external motions necessary to counterfeit
intransitive verb
to act intentionally so as to give a false impression : feign
这组词都有“冒牌货”的意思,其区别是:
sham指可以以假乱真的东西,尤指明显的欺骗。
fake通常指没有价值的冒牌货或代用品,但目的不一定全是为骗人。
以上来源于网络
1670年代,“欺骗,恶作剧,诈骗,让人失望的事物”,这个词源不明。 按照牛津英语词典的说法,随着动词“欺骗,瞒骗”和形容词“虚假的,假装的”的使用,该词于1677年开始普及。也许他们来自 sham 中的一个北方方言变种 shame(名词); 这是在1734年提出的一个推断,牛津英语词典认为这个说法“不是不可能的。”
现代主要意义上的“被误解成其他东西的东西,意在营造虚假外观的东西”始于1728年(相关意义上的动词始于1690年代); 用于人的意思始于1850年。
pillow-sham(1721)中“虚假正面”的含义来自“伪造”的概念。相关词汇: Shammed; shamming; shammer。1896年,“表现得像职业人士的业余运动员”被称为 Shamateur。1716年的一首歌曲将要求王位者称为 the Shamster。
Noun perhaps from English dialect sham shame, alteration of English shame
The first known use of sham was in 1677
shamelessadjective
having no shame
showing lack of shame
shamefuladjective
bringing shame
shameful behavior
arousing the feeling of shame
a shameful sight
shamefuladjective
bringing shame
shameful behavior
arousing the feeling of shame
a shameful sight
shamefacedadjective
showing modesty : bashful
showing shame : ashamed
shamefacedadjective
showing modesty : bashful
showing shame : ashamed
shame1 of 2noun
a painful emotion caused by having done something wrong or improper
ability to feel shame
have you no shame?
dishonor entry 1 sense 1, disgrace
something that brings disgrace or causes shame or strong regret
something to be regretted : pity
it's a shame you'll miss the show
shame2 of 2verb
to bring shame to : disgrace
to cause to feel shame
to force by causing to feel guilty
they were shamed into confessing
shamblessingular or plural noun
a place or state of destruction
the hurricane left the city in a shambles
a scene or state of disorder or confusion : mess an economy in shambles
this room is a shambles
shambleverb
to walk awkwardly with dragging feet : shuffle
sham1 of 3noun
a trick that deceives : hoax
something resembling an article of personal or household linen and used in place of or over it
an imitation or counterfeit giving the impression of being real
sham2 of 3verb
to act in a deceiving way
sham3 of 3adjective
not real : false
sham pearls
shamadjective
being a treatment or procedure that is performed as a control and that is similar to but omits a key therapeutic element of the treatment or procedure under investigation a sham injection of saline solution
sham surgery, in which doctors make an incision in a patient's knee and manipulate the joint, but don't clean out fluid, debris, and torn cartilage—Liz Kowalczyk
1 "Authenticity is kind of a sham, but it is really important to have a conversation about appropriation," said Balingit.
2 Wallace couldn’t return to conventional realism, though, suspecting it to be the most banal and uninteresting of shams.
3 Effectiveness of acupuncture, either verum or sham, was almost twice that of conventional therapy.
针刺(无论是“真穴”还是“假穴”)----其治疗效果几乎是(西医)常规方法的二倍.
4 street vendors selling sham designer handbags to gullible tourists
5 “Look how crowded this place is. It’s all sham marriages, all of them, now that Blunkett is after them.”
6 However, the Palestinian leadership has dismissed the move as a sham.
然而, 巴勒斯坦的领导层,却认为这是以色列虚假的行为.
7 That's why design is so important or else these contests became a sham.
这就是策划如此重要的原因,否则这些大赛就变得很虚假。
8 Ronson arrived at his subject as an enthusiastic novice shamer, having participated in various Twitter campaigns intended to call out organizations like the Daily Mail for doing things like publishing homophobic columnists.
9 With respect to Trump, they argue he is either a sham, a right-wing populist or simply a reactionary Republican.
10 The legal system is a sham; the media is cynical.
11 Many Trump supporters won’t tune in “because they think it’s a sham process,” he said.
12 The phrase “The Real Lolita” implies its opposite: a sham “Lolita,” a prop, a lie, a fiction.
13 “Flack” has little to say about celebrity culture with its stories of contrived sex tapes, hushed-up face-lifts, sham marriages, and bogus redemption narratives.
14 House Speaker Mike Johnson House Speaker Mike Johnson on Tuesday became the highest ranking Republican to accompany Trump at his criminal trial, blasting the proceedings as a sham.
15 Jesse Helms used his TV editorials to abrade King’s reputation, denouncing him as “a sham, an agitator, a fellow traveller with known communists.”
16 It gave me the creeps, helping Grandpa slip his pillow sham of roses under Granny’s head.
17 When your choices range from the corrupt to the demented, how can you not feel that citizenship is a sham?
18 According to the Oxford English Dictionary, it referred to "a hoax; a jesting or befooling trick," as well as any "thing which is not really what it pretends to be," like a sham or fraud.
19 She regarded the whole war as a sham.
她认为整个战争都是假的.
20 Was the 4 trillion yuan ($586 billion) infrastructure package unveiled last November, worth 14% of GDP, a sham?
而他们去年宣布的四万亿元(5860亿美元)一揽子基础设施计划价值其GDP的百分之十四,那只是拿来骗人的吗?
1 虚伪
hollow-hearted double-hearted false artificial hollow counterfeit airy untrue fictitious pretentious disingenuous deceitful fallacious insincere untruthful feigned faux mendacious hokey canting smooth-faced colourable uncandid Jesuitic colourably falsely hypocritically deceivingly insincerely untruthfully lie gloss mockery falsity untruth dissimulation falseness mendacity flam deceptiveness forked tongue hypocrisy deceit pretence synthetic phoney insincerity histrionical cheap deceptive lying pretended histrionic janus-faced barmecide false-hearted truthless facade inveracity falsehood
3 骗子
take-in shicer shit-heel shit-hook clip-artist gypper skin leg operator clip sharp Greek fraud fake con cheat stiff booster hawk idol coyote kite hustle counterfeit crook burglar phony cheater twister rook shaver fiddler quack mace jackal trickster charlatan impostor juggler faker dingo slicker biter humbug skinner bilk spritzer sharper grifter come-on duffer racketeer gyp blackleg spieler lurcher bunyip duper pettifogger highbinder shammer twicer saltimbanco chouse quacksalver magsman faitour fraudster hustler knave swindler hoaxer mountebank bilker chiseler ganef fourflusher thimblerigger confidence trickster fast talker con artist a shark con man artist Sharp shark phoney nobbler overreacher schlenter samfi twice thimblerig beat greek rogue projector gouge sharpie ringer swindle pretender rigger cajole hoodwink tricker bluffer gip beguiler pettifog flimflammer warlock bunco man jive ass fast counter confidence man pocket hunter
4 仿造
artificial mimic counterfeit imitation simulated ersatz imitated reproduction patterning calque copy pattern reproduce imitate
6 假冒的
tin bastard counterfeit pinchbeck pseud adulterine simular bastardly self-professed bogus fictitious shoddy snide
8 欺骗
funny delusive false cross-up hoky-poky take-in do sell plant string abuse curve twist fraud cheat shaft illusion bob deception lurk fiddle gag delusion cog hoax trimming gouge deceit trickery bop wile mace gaff shuck gammon barney bunco eyewash hocus falseness flam hokum legerdemain hanky-panky rinky-dink flimflam chicane flivver jiggery-pokery cooch jugglery chiz hokey-pokey gloze rort swiz hokeypokey cootch job lie shit fool boodle practice ring impose bull grease bitch fudge bamboozle bam have dipsy-doodle kid banter diddle gyp cozen cold-deck yentz illude gazoozle fainaigue make work take short green catch stick cross beat jump burn cream dish screw trim palm hose bucket rim hype mock fox Jew deceive sucker buffalo mislead bunk two-time deacon nick jockey chisel dope fob gull lurch ream snooker jive mystify short-change slicker beguile frig fop double-cross jink gudgeon cully trepan hornswoggle gyppo double-X befool chouse make game of bludge on play the rogue slip one over on put it over on have a game with play the fool with a clean shave run a sandy on on the earhole givethe business string on throw a curve on the fiddle give short change come it play games with tricky spurious illusory tortuous fiddling try-on rip-off put-on trick hustle falsehood dishonesty guile stratagem boondoggle skulduggery hocus-pocus razzmatazz blague swizz spruce pettifog bilk con dupe hoodwink euchre bite blind juggle humbug under false colours play false stall off put one across fob off sell a a pup put it across take for a ride try it on make a fool of
10 赝品
fraud fake bastard counterfeit imitation phony forgery simulacrum pinchbeck phoney knock-off stumer Dud schlenter tack bogus fakery
11 假的
suppositive flash false fake artificial straw mock painted dummy bum queer bogus spoof phony assumed dud spurious quack jive snide pseudo ersatz untruthful feigned gil faux pasteboard hyped-up pseud bogue bodger supposititious suppositious postiche got-up pseud- apparent synthetic simulated untrue fictitious phoney pinchbeck pretend bastard lying pretended mendacious paste mimic counterfeit shoddy duff adulterate factitious hokey brummagem gotup
15 假冒
tin bastard counterfeit pinchbeck pseud adulterine simular bastardly masquerade forge phony personate self-professed circumforaneous bogus fictitious shoddy snide forgery simulate imitate impersonate adoptive phoney pretended postiche impersonation affect
16 不真的
18 警察
constabulary traps gumheel gum-foot man law police officer heat stick bear flat finger sky trap copper hop snake pig bull cop jack collar tin penny claw dick fuzzy policeman constable fuzz John nab roach bogey Bobby slop peeler flathead paddy pounder Robert mulligan lawman snatcher gendarme bluecoat finest oink gumshoe flatfoot azul shamus Kodiak gazer flic carabiniere bizzy walloper rozzer alguacil flattie skull-buster scuffer
19 假冒物
21 冒牌货
23 伪造
base false fake stiff mock dummy bastard counterfeit bogus phony spurious Apocryphal snide imitated hyped-up bogue adulterine simular postiche manipulation fabrication forgery forging falsification manipulate rig forge imitate fiddle fabricate feign wangle
25 虚假
plastic false straw unnatural pretended feigned mendacious falsely pretense pretension mendacity postiche Barmecidal fictive factitious Barmecide truthless truthlessly synthetically truthlessness lying falsehood deceitfulness dissimulation mala fide fictional fictitious spurious illusory phoney delusive spuriously untruthfulness spuriousness artificial cardboard mock illusive falsity untruth fake hollow deceptive bogus ersatz deceptively pretence
26 欺诈
two-tongued fraudulent shifting oblique deceitful rascally Janus-faced shift trick gouge dishonesty deceit guile humbug fakery bunco gyp covin chantage flam circumvent mump monkey tricks forked tongue monkey business fast one confidence trumped-up flimflam false dodgery kanky-panky practice cross lie fraud cheat deception lurk gag juggle gull falsity skullduggery skulduggery fraudulence jugglery humbuggery gazump fox deceive chisel job rogue jockey beguile eyewash false pretenses
27 佯作
28 阴谋
backstairs design scheme plot politics conspiracy intrigue concoction cabal machination designing frame-up practice machinate
29 伪善行为
30 假
suppositive flash false fake artificial straw mock painted dummy bum queer bogus spoof phony assumed dud spurious quack jive snide pseudo ersatz untruthful feigned gil faux pasteboard hyped-up pseud bogue bodger supposititious suppositious postiche got-up pseud- apparent synthetic simulated untrue fictitious phoney pinchbeck leave pretend bastard lying pretended spuriously pseudo- mendacious paste mimic counterfeit shoddy duff adulterate factitious hokey brummagem gotup
33 伪装
pseudo pretended simulative cover pose mask simulation disguise camouflage guise semblance feint dissimulation dissemblance stalking-horse feign simulate counterfeit dissemble in disguise smoke screen masquerade affectation fake act a part incognito persona pretence parade simulated put-on front facade charade smokescreen pretend under cover
35 假装
hoked-up affected scenic counterfeit simulated fictitious assumed professed make-believe ostensible feigned fictive pretending hokey colorable put-on personate colourable simulative mock ostensibly professedly cover shape shit simulation acting bonnet semblance pretense puppetry affectation show boogerboo pretend daub playact come wear affect assume fake fox simulate profess feign feint dissemble dissimulate make as if put on an act make on false mimic phoney act assumption masquerade pretence play-acting play disguise play-act in disguise feignedly guise playacting pose imitate make a pretext of pretend to play a part ACT play-play come the make like artificial pretended would-be masked Professed profession mockery charade dissimulation mask impersonate under the guise of act a part sail under false colors make a pretense of put on the appearance of seeming pretension cut let on make believe put on pass off as pass yourself off as make as if to do make believe that bluff assumptive personation make-up
37 膺品
38 假装的
false mock mimic assumed phoney in disguise counterfeit professed make-believe ostensible colorable put-on simulative artificial simulate would-be masked Professed pretend fictitious seeming fictive hokey colourable dissemble pretended affected simulated
39 哄骗
take-in shift bob cod spoof palaver wangle put-on cog bubble coax dipsy-doodle banter diddle blarney cozen blandish cuitle work take palm con gum intrigue tease bunk lull caress delude outwit gaff inveigle chicane gudgeon cully fleech put the comether on slip one over on come the raw prawn come it play games with
40 冒充物
43 诡计
art device plant web shift trap blind fraud dodge shuffle fiddle gouge decoy gull ruse wile guile artifice subterfuge bilk chicanery curve ball
44 虚假的
plastic false straw unnatural pretended feigned mendacious synthetic counterfeit phoney factitious meretricious fictional fictitious spurious illusory delusive artificial cardboard mock illusive fake hollow deceptive bogus ersatz
45 伪物
46 虚伪的
hollow-hearted double-hearted false artificial hollow counterfeit airy untrue fictitious pretentious disingenuous deceitful fallacious insincere untruthful feigned faux mendacious hokey canting smooth-faced colourable uncandid Jesuitic synthetic phoney histrionical cheap deceptive lying pretended histrionic janus-faced barmecide false-hearted truthless
48 冒充
fake would-be professed pseudo soi-disant supposititious suppositious boogerboo pose simulate profess feign sail under false colors false affect imitate personate phoney simulation parade impersonate near shoddy brummagem masquerade salt
49 模拟的