英:[pəˈliːs]
美:[pəˈliːs]
英:[pəˈliːs]
美:[pəˈliːs]
po·lice
p lis
复数:police
第三人称单数:polices
现在分词:policing
过去式:policed
过去分词:policed
词根:policy
n.policy 政策,方针;保险单
noun
the department of government concerned primarily with maintenance of public order, safety, and health and enforcement of laws and possessing executive, judicial, and legislative powers
the department of government charged with prevention, detection, and prosecution of public nuisances and crimes
police force
plural police officers
a private organization resembling a police force
campus police
plural the members of a private police organization
one attempting to regulate or censor a specified field or activity
the fashion police
the internal organization or regulation of a political unit through exercise of governmental powers especially with respect to general comfort, health, morals, safety, or prosperity
control and regulation of affairs affecting the general order and welfare of any unit or area
the system of laws for effecting such control
the action or process of cleaning and putting in order
military personnel detailed to perform this function
verb
transitive verb
to control, regulate, or keep in order by use of police
to perform the functions of a police force in or over
to supervise the operation, execution, or administration of to prevent or detect and prosecute violations of rules and regulations
to exercise such supervision over the policies and activities of
to make clean and put in order
archaic govern
police station派出所;警察局;公安局
police officern. 警官;警员
police force警察;警察机关
traffic police交通警察
police department(美)警察局
police car警察巡逻车
police office警察局
riot police防暴警察
police chiefn. 警察局长
local police station当地警察派出所
go to the police报案
state police(美)州警察
police power警察权,治安权;警察部队
police dog警犬
secret police秘密警察
security police秘密警察
metropolitan police都市警察
military police宪兵;宪兵队
police staten. 警察国家;极权国家
chief of police警察局长
policeman指某个具体的警察
police警察的总称,后接复数谓语动词, The police are questioning everyone in the house.
以上来源于网络
1530年代,“社区的管理和控制”(与 policy(n.1)的意义相似); 源自法语中的 police “有组织的政府,民事行政”(15世纪末),源自拉丁语中的 politia “民事行政”,源自希腊语中的 polis “城市”(参见 polis)。
直到19世纪中叶,英国仍将其用于“民事行政”; 应用于“社区中的公共秩序管理、执法”(1716年)源自法语(17世纪末),最初在英国指的是法国或其他外国国家。
“维持秩序、预防和侦查犯罪等的有组织的民事力量”的意义始于1800年; 英国首个以此命名的力量是1798年成立的海警,旨在保护伦敦港口的商品。指“负责执行法律、侦查犯罪等的官员团体”始于1810年。
In its most common acceptation, the police signifies the administration of the municipal laws and regulations of a city or incorporated town or borough by a corps of administrative or executive officers, with the necessary magistrates for the immediate use of force in compelling obedience and punishing violation of the laws, as distinguished from judicial remedies by action, etc. The primary object of the police system is the prevention of crime and the pursuit of offenders; but it is also subservient to other purposes, such as the suppression of mendicancy, the preservation of order, the removal of obstructions and nuisances, and the enforcing of those local and general laws which relate to the public health, order, safety, and comfort. [Century Dictionary, 1895]
在最常见的意义上, the police 表示通过一支行政或执行官员团队以及必要的执法官员来管理城市或法人镇或自治市的市政法律和规章,以强制服从和惩罚违法行为,与通过诉讼等司法救济相区别。警察系统的主要目标是预防犯罪和追捕犯罪分子; 但它也有其他用途,如打击行乞,维护秩序,清除障碍和滋扰,以及执行与公共卫生、秩序、安全和舒适有关的地方和普遍法律。[世纪词典,1895]
在宪法法律中, police power 是政府限制公民自由、对私人权利施加约束和强制的权力,尤其是为了促进或保护公共福利。Police state “通过国家警察手段进行管理的国家”首次记录于1865年,指的是奥地利。Police action 在国际上指“短于战争的军事干预,表面上是为了纠正无法无天的行为”,始于1933年。Police officer 可追溯到1794年,美国英语。Police station 始于1817年。Police dog 始于1908年。
警察
Noun Middle English, "regulation of public affairs," borrowed from Middle French, "administrative organization, conduct of a collective body (as the government or church)," borrowed from Late Latin polītīa "citizenship, political organization, constitution of a state, administrative direction" (Latin, the title of Plato's dialogue The Republic), borrowed from Greek polīteía "body of citizens, citizenship, government, administration, constitution of a state, republican government," collective or abstract derivative of polī́tēs "citizen, freeman," from pólis "citadel, city, community of citizens, city-state" + -ītēs -ite >entry 1; pólis going back to o-grade ablaut of an Indo-European base *pelH-, whence also, from zero-grade *pl̥H-, Sanskrit púr-, pū́ḥ "wall, rampart," Lithuanian pilìs "fortress, castle," Latvian pils Note: The sense "government body charged with the maintenance of public order," apparently first current in Scotland in the eighteenth century or earlier, was borrowed from French, where it originated in the seventeenth century as a concretization of an earlier more abstract sense "public order." Middle French police is a doublet of policie policy >entry 1; police developed from a variant of Late Latin polītīa with stress shifted to the second syllable, policie from a form with stress on the third syllable, its expected position by Latin stress rules. In English before ca. 1700 police appears to have usually been stressed on the first syllable (as also policy); this pronunciation remains regional in the British isles and the U.S. — Greek has a variant ptólis that occurs in Homer and in dialects (Cypriot, Thessalian, Arcadian). R. Beekes (Etymological Dictionary of Greek, Brill, 2009) suggests as an Indo-European reconstruction *tpolH- to account for this. The sequence -oli- in this word, with what appears to be o-grade, has been explained as a regular outcome of *-l̥h1- in Greek, which would make pólis directly comparable to Sanskrit púr-, pū́ḥ (see discussion in A.L. Sihler, Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, 1995, p. 104; and K. Strunk, "Verkannte Spuren eines weiteren Tiefstufentyps im Griechischen," Glotta, Band 47 [1969], pp. 1-8). Verb in sense 5 borrowed from Middle French policier "to administer, govern, control," derivative of police "administrative organization"; in other senses verbal derivative of police >entry 1
The first known use of police was in 1589
policewomannoun
a woman who is a police officer
policewomannoun
a woman who is a police officer
policemannoun
police officer
policemannoun
police officer
police1 of 2verb
to control, regulate, or keep in order by use of police
police a city
to make clean and put in order
police the area
police2 of 2noun
the department of government that keeps order and enforces law, investigates crimes, and makes arrests
plural members of a police force
a private or military force like a police force
campus police
1 The police investigation is beginning to take shape.
2 He felt the stiff, arched withers of two German police dogs who ran together and often teamed to fight and get licked by the Gray.
3 When the police told her that she was violating the law, she demanded that a chair be placed directly in the center aisle, and she sat there.
4 As usual, the police will have a difficult time.
和往常一样, 警察的日子将不好过.
5 He was heavily fined for a breach of the police regulations.
他因违反治安规则而被处以大笔罚金.
6 “Me being in your custody,” she answered, “and you not actually being a police officer.”
7 Indeed, many were well educated and came from a variety of ordinary backgrounds: the Gestapo, the police force, government positions, or professions such as law and banking.
8 He is in police custody, although he has not been charged at this time.
9 Before I see it, I hear downtown, thick with beeps, shouts, police whistles.
10 The crowd of demonstrators away when the police arrived.
当警察赶到时,示威的人群逐渐散去了.
11 And I've got to make it quick, before the movers come back out for their next round and before the police officer comes back to his car.
12 Since the Ferguson protests, participants in the Black Lives Matter movement have demonstrated against the deaths of many other African Americans killed by police actions or while in police custody.
13 As a police car screeched to a stop, we stepped out into the street, meeting it, hailing it to ask for directions.
14 Soon more people were standing around and looking and voicing their opinions—to the police.
15 Then it was police cadets drilling at odd hours.
16 So long as mass drug arrests are concentrated in impoverished urban areas, police chiefs have little reason to fear a political backlash, no matter how aggressive and warlike the efforts may be.
17 Afterward, however, Dad was the one to call Carl, to find out who we should talk to at the police department.
18 “Based on what little we know, Ren’s being questioned by the police right now. I don’t buy the gas leak story.”
19 John is a police magistrate and he works very hard.
约翰是个治安法庭的法官且他工作很认真.
20 She gets so mad about the police shootings, it’s almost like she knew the people who got shot.
1 警方
police force law fuzz force bill filth boys in blue the Bill the long arm of the law the Old Bill authority traps heat azul
2 控制
i/c manipulative control hand stay rule command grip clutch governance grasp curb disposition mastery restraint dominion domination fetter mastership cover contain master boss discipline possess regulate manipulate restrain leash baffle rein work hold check manage operate bind govern dispose bridle king it ride herd on keep in in control at the helm at the wheel get a handle on call the shots regulatory direction regulation saddle sway containment -led handle dominate harness tame hijack enslave subdue manoeuvre circumscribe grab ahold of hold in check keep in check take over the reins take up the reins get ahold of put the brakes on damp down head up rein in reel in keep down
4 整顿
shake-up straighten marshal readjust unscramble set to rights pull in the slack snug up regulation arrangement trim trimming rectification place order sort dress adjust pitch arrange regulate compose consolidate slick rectify redd fettle dight righten
5 警察
constabulary zaptiah man law officer pig bull cop jack policeman constable fuzz bobby finest flatfoot azul shamus flic rozzer five-o bizzies badge bandit the minions of the law law enforcement agent police agent copper police-officer force bill busy demon Constable filth bogey peeler askari bluebottle walloper boys in blue the thin blue line heat patrol beagle gendarme bluecoat the long arm of the law police constable the Bill police force police officer the boys in blue the man the bill button finger trap runner hack helmet roller tin john slop crusher robert smokey reeler flattie alguazil sbirro gumshoe man traps gumheel gum-foot stick bear flat sky hop snake collar penny claw dick fuzzy sham John nab roach Bobby flathead paddy pounder Robert mulligan lawman snatcher oink gumshoe Kodiak gazer carabiniere bizzy alguacil skull-buster scuffer
7 执行
performance execution prosecution fulfilment pursuance fulfil do take follow perform conduct minister execute obey prosecute
8 管理
administrant administrative regulatory directive governing managerial supervisory regulative control hand government management rule operation direction conduct administration custody supervision governance conservation keeping gestion intendance govern supervise preside run manage guide direct handle operate administer regulate superintend keep control over be in charge of have control over have control of keep control of regulation running housekeeping husbandry oversee in charge take charge keep manipulation carriage regimen conservancy demarcation work tend have charge of mind the store
9 维护治安
10 巡查
13 统治
ruling dominant government empire governance sway regimen dominion domination politic raj rule king reign judge dominate hegemonical governmental regent hegemonic regnant regime regiment dominance rein yoke regency govern predominate overgovern master wield overrule
16 管治
17 公安
18 警察部队
19 管辖
20 监督
supervisal supervisory surveillant monitorship control manager direction super producer tender supervision surveillance ward oversight tutelage superintendence intendance supervise direct boss overlook oversee superintend surveil superintendent watchdog honcho see check on chaperone ride herd on check up on watching brief policing produce watch over stand over monitor keep watch bishop impresario cognizance superintendency
21 监管