英:[prəˈfeʃn]
美:[prəˈfeʃn]
英:[prəˈfeʃn]
美:[prəˈfeʃn]
pro·fes·sion
pr fe shn
复数:professions
词根:profess
adj.professional 专业的;职业的;职业性的
professed 声称的;公开承认的;伪称的
adv.professionally 专业地;内行地
professedly 在表面上;公然地;专业地
n.professional 专业人员;职业运动员
professor 教授;教师;公开表示信仰的人
professionalism 专业主义;专家的地位;特性或方法
professionalization 专业化;职业化
professorship [劳经] 教授职位
v.professed 声称;断言;伪称(profess的过去分词)
vi.profess 声称;承认;当教授
professionalize 专业化;职业化
vt.profess 自称;公开表示;宣称信奉;正式准予加入
professionalize 使…专业化;使…专业化
Noun
1. the body of people in a learned occupation;
"the news spread rapidly through the medical community"
2. an occupation requiring special education (especially in the liberal arts or sciences)
3. an open avowal (true or false) of some belief or opinion;
"a profession of disagreement"
4. affirmation of acceptance of some religion or faith;
"a profession of Christianity"
profession of宣称(感情、信念等);表白
legal profession法律界;法律专业
medical profession医疗职业
accounting profession会计职业
teaching profession教学工作;教学专业
by profession在职业上;就职业来说
accountancy profession会计专业;会计员
the oldest profession[诙谐语]卖淫[亦作world's oldest profession]
这组词都有“职业”的意思,其区别是:
work指任何种类的工作,也泛指职业。
vocation较正式用词,语气庄重,指长期从事,但不一定以此为主计的职业。
occupation泛指任何一种职业,既不分什么行业,也不管是脑力还是体力劳动。
employment指受雇于他人,领取工资以谋生计,有较固定工作的职业。
trade指需要有熟练技巧、技能和体力的职业。
profession以前常指要受过高等教育(尤指法律、医学和神学)才能获得的职业,现在一般指为谋生日的职业,尤指从事脑力劳动和受过专门训练,具有某种专业知识的职业。
career指经过专门训练,终身愿意从事的职业。
job通常指一切有收入,不分脑力与体力运动,不论是否有技艺的长期或临时的职业。
以上来源于网络
assignment指分派做的特定任务,也指长期性工作
task被派或自愿承担工作,尤指困难、辛劳的工作
profession指从事脑力劳动,经过特殊培训的“职业”,如老师
job常指短期任务
以上来源于网络
公元前1200年, professioun,指“进入宗教团体时所作的誓言”,源自于12世纪的古法语 profession,直接源自拉丁语 professionem(主格 professio),“公开声明”,动作名词,来自 profiteri 的过去分词词干“公开宣布”(参见 profess)。
“任何庄严的声明”的意思来自于14世纪中期。指“一个人声称自己擅长的职业,一个职业”是从15世纪初开始的; 指“从事某种职业的人群”是从1610年开始的; 作为“卖淫”的委婉说法(比较 oldest profession)是从1888年开始记录的。
Formerly theology, law, and medicine were specifically known as the professions; but, as the applications of science and learning are extended to other departments of affairs, other vocations also receive the name. The word implies professed attainments in special knowledge, as distinguished from mere skill; a practical dealing with affairs, as distinguished from mere study or investigation; and an application of such knowledge to uses for others as a vocation, as distinguished from its pursuit for one's own purposes. In professions strictly so called a preliminary examination as to qualifications is usually demanded by law or usage, and a license or other official authority founded thereon required. [Century Dictionary]
以前神学、法律和医学被特别称为 the professions; 但是,随着科学和学习的应用扩展到其他部门的事务,其他职业也得到了这个名称。这个词意味着在特定知识方面的公开承认,与纯粹的技能相区别; 与纯粹的研究或调查相区别的实际事务处理; 以及将这种知识应用于为他人谋生的职业,与为自己的目的而追求相区别。在严格意义上的职业中,通常根据法律或惯例要求进行资格的初步考试,并要求获得基于此的许可证或其他官方授权。[世纪词典]
Middle English professioun, from Anglo-French profession, from Late Latin & Latin; Late Latin profession-, professio, from Latin, public declaration, from profitēri
The first known use of profession was in the 13th century
project1 of 2noun
a plan or scheme to do something
a task or problem in school
my science project
a group of houses or apartment buildings built according to a single planespecially: one built with government help to provide low-cost housing
project2 of 2verb
to work out in the mind
to plan, figure, or estimate for the future
project next year's costs
to throw forward
stick out sense 1a
to cause to fall upon a surface
project motion pictures on a screen
program1 of 2noun
a brief usually written outline describing a presentation (as of a concert or play)
the performance of a programespecially: a performance that is broadcast
received a trophy at the awards program
a plan of action a political program
a program of regular dental checkups
a set of step-by-step instructions that tell a computer to do something with data
program2 of 2verb
to provide with a program
program a computer
to direct the thinking or behavior of (someone) as if by a computer program
he's been programmed to believe he can succeed if he tries
program1 of 2noun
a brief usually written outline describing a presentation (as of a concert or play)
the performance of a programespecially: a performance that is broadcast
received a trophy at the awards program
a plan of action a political program
a program of regular dental checkups
a set of step-by-step instructions that tell a computer to do something with data
program2 of 2verb
to provide with a program
program a computer
to direct the thinking or behavior of (someone) as if by a computer program
he's been programmed to believe he can succeed if he tries
profit1 of 2noun
the gain or benefit from something
the gain after all the expenses are subtracted from the amount received
profit2 of 2verb
to get some good out of something : gain
profit by experience
to be of use to (someone) : benefit
an agreement that profited us all
professionnoun
the act of taking the vows of a religious community
a public declaring or claiming (as of a belief, faith, or opinion)
an occupation (as medicine, law, or teaching) that requires specialized knowledge and often advanced education
a principal occupation or employment
the people working in a profession
the legal profession
professionnoun
a calling requiring specialized knowledge and often long and intensive academic preparation
the whole body of persons engaged in a calling
1 The teaching profession claim that are badly paid.
教师同行们声称“待遇”太差.
2 She was a young Reverend Sister and had not yet made her final profession.
3 Alexander threatens to stand in your way if you insist on taking up the same profession as his.
亚历山大威胁说,如果你坚持要从事和他一样的职业,他会从中作梗.
4 Her niece Minou has noted more than once the irony of Dedd’s “new” profession, actually embarked upon a decade ago, after her divorce.
5 The garment industry was boot camp for the professions.
6 He wore an animal skin over his tunic as a sign of his profession.
7 I have had to close my business, to abandon my profession, and live in poverty, as many of my people are doing....
8 In a profession where a conscience was a liability, who would want one?
9 Either they married quickly and left the profession, or they were hounded out of their jobs by fellow teachers.
10 But I think your profession is sometimes underrated, and many people think anyone who speaks more than one language can do it.
但我认为你们的职业有时被低估了,许多人认为任何一个会说一种以上语言的人都能做口译。
11 Enhancing student learning through arts integration: Implications for the profession.
12 [E] Besides professionalising the professions by this separation, top American universities have professionalised the professor.
[E] 美国顶尖大学除了通过这种分离的方法让职业专业化waist,他们也让教授专业化。
13 He was a man whose profession it was to love, and he would offer comfort and guidance to the best of his ability.
14 In a few years he had climbed to the top of his profession.
他在几年内攀上了职业的巅峰。
15 Maybe, in training for that profession in those years before the First World War, he saw ahead of him prejudices he refused to swallow, humiliations he refused to bear.
16 Leale, not in his Union uniform, announced his rank and profession.
17 At an earlier proceeding, he was asked what his profession was, and he said, “I don’t work. I married an Osage.”
18 On the second day, the group discussed the question of “why the profession of teacher is not as much respected as that of lawyer, doctor, or minister.”
19 Indeed, throughout the thirties, Oppenheimer swam upstream against a genteel anti-Semitism in the professions and academia.
20 Employers in a growing number of professions are barred by state licensing agencies from hiring people with a wide range of criminal convictions, even convictions unrelated to the job or license sought.
1 职业
job professional career occupational vocational vocationally work game business line situation trade craft employment pursuit occupation calling racket vocation biz avocation metier wark a walk of life means of livelihood employ livelihood way grip métier state of life place spot engagement ship function cloth caper -ing -ship pro professionally practice do shop lay occasion breadwinner schoolteaching number activity walk faculty mystery thrift lose a state
2 表示
significant representative indicative expressive denotative significative evincive expressively show display expression representation gesture notation signification expressiveness denotation ostent tell represent indicate witness declare exhibit render imply signify denote evince cluck bespeak betoken note demonstration M be say mark demonstrate pronounce token for voice signal come out add up to point offer mean sound extend express designate signpost demonstrative indicant exhibitive sign reference presentation indication reflex undertone presentment pro- refer have give design pay register import testify infer harp profess
4 专门职业
6 同人
7 表白
confession unseal physicalize express unlock signify statement declaration clearing excuse confess betoken profess testify
8 宣称
declaration say alleged predication have claim allege assert ostensible announce declare herald profess
9 同行
brother fraternity bear company trade craft-brother confrère counterpart convoy interest march colleague craft companion confrere
11 宣布
declaration proclamation intimation enunciation give declare intimate proclaim enunciate make known give forth
12 声称
professed claim allegation deposition pretension pretence allege purport assert pretended profess represent contend announce oneself
13 公开承认
14 专业
15 假装
artificial simulate would-be masked sham Professed make-believe ostensible show act affect masquerade mockery pretense charade feint dissimulation play pose mask dissemble playact dissimulate fake pretend impersonate feign under the guise of act a part sail under false colors make a pretense of put on the appearance of make as if
16 声明
statement assertion caveat manifesto dictum asseveration pronunciamento declare state protest allege avouch notice declaration proclamation pronouncement pass proclaim avow announcement testimony outgoing dick protestation avowal pronunciamiento say speak preconize enounce testify assert predicate
17 宣言
platform declaration manifesto predicatory declarative proclamatory testimony proclamation pronunciamiento pronunciamento profess predicate
18 表明
significative declaration signification suggest Mark import proclaim evince connote betoken prognosticate signalize say prove indicate reflect argue witness declare manifest testify signify say much for bear witness to
19 自称
would-be self-proclaimed professed self-styled soi-disant claim pretension pretence pretend profess professedly confessedly pretense self-labeled self-professed lay claim to
20 诈称