英:[ˈlæŋɡwɪdʒ]
美:[ˈlæŋɡwɪdʒ]
英:[ˈlæŋɡwɪdʒ]
美:[ˈlæŋɡwɪdʒ]
lan·guage
laeng gwihj
复数:languages
Noun
1. a systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds or conventional symbols;
"he taught foreign languages"
"the language introduced is standard throughout the text"
"the speed with which a program can be executed depends on the language in which it is written"
2. (language) communication by word of mouth;
"his speech was garbled"
"he uttered harsh language"
"he recorded the spoken language of the streets"
3. a system of words used in a particular discipline;
"legal terminology"
"the language of sociology"
4. the cognitive processes involved in producing and understanding linguistic communication;
"he didn't have the language to express his feelings"
5. the mental faculty or power of vocal communication;
"language sets homo sapiens apart from all other animals"
6. the text of a popular song or musical-comedy number;
"his compositions always started with the lyrics"
"he wrote both words and music"
"the song uses colloquial language"
foreign languagen. 外语;外文
english language英文;英语语言学
chinese language汉语
language learning语言学习
second language第二语言
c languageC语言
programming language编程语言;程序设计语言
body language身体语言
natural language自然语言
target language目的语;目标语言;译入语
spoken language口语,口头语言;出声语言
language acquisition语言习得
common language共同语;公用语言
native language本国语言;本机语言;机器各单元间编码语言
assembly languagen. 汇编语言
official language官方语言;法定语文
modeling language模型化语言
international languagen. 国际语言
source language源语言
first language第一语言;母语
这组词都有“文字,词,语言”的意思,其区别是:
lexicon指某种语言、某人或某一知识领域的全部词汇。
term指有特定意义的词,词语或术语。
vocabulary集合名词,指词汇、语汇或词汇量。
word普通用词,指语言的最小单位的单词、字,也可指话、整句话或一段话。
language普通用词,指国家、民族或种族内部使用,已经系统化的语言。
以上来源于网络
13世纪末, langage 指“单词、说话、交谈、谈话”,源自12世纪的古法语 langage,意为“演讲、言辞; 一个部落、人民、国家”,源自通俗拉丁语 *linguaticum,源自拉丁语 lingua,意为“舌头”,也指“言语、语言”,源自 PIE 词根 *dnghu-,意为“舌头”。
中世纪英语中, -u- 是盎格鲁-法语插入的(参见 gu-),最初并不发音。指“表达方式”(如 vulgar language 等)的意思可追溯至公元1300年左右。指“一种语言”,如英语、法语、阿拉伯语等,可追溯至公元1300年左右; 《世纪词典》(1897)将其定义为:“一个社区使用和理解的全部口头表达方式,作为其思想的表达方式的总和; 一个社区用于交流和记录以及进行思维过程的单词和组合方法的总和。” Boutkan(2005)写道:“总的来说,只要语言能够进行共同的创新,就存在语言统一性,但这并不排除方言之间的深刻差异。”
在中古英语中,这个词也用于方言:
Mercii, þat beeþ men of myddel Engelond[,] vnderstondeþ bettre þe side langages, norþerne and souþerne, þan norþerne and souþerne vnderstondeþ eiþer oþer. [Bartholomew Glanville, "De proprietatibus rerum," c. 1240, translated by John of Trevisa c. 1398]
Mercii,þat beeþ men of myddel Engelond,vnderstondeþ bettre þe side langages,norþerne and souþerne,þan norþerne and souþerne vnderstondeþ eiþer oþer。[Bartholomew Glanville, "De proprietatibus rerum," c. 1240,翻译自1398年的 John of Trevisa]
In oþir inglis was it drawin, And turnid ic haue it til ur awin Language of the norþin lede, Þat can na noþir inglis rede. ["Cursor Mundi," early 14c.]
In oþir inglis was it drawin,And turnid ic haue it til ur awin Language of the norþin lede,Þat can na noþir inglis rede。["Cursor Mundi," early 14c.]
Language barrier 可追溯至1885年。
语言
语言
Middle English, from Anglo-French langage, from lange, langue tongue, language, from Latin lingua — more at tongue
The first known use of language was in the 14th century
languagenoun
the words, their pronunciation, and the methods of combining them used and understood by a large group of people
a means of communicating ideas
sign language
the means by which animals communicate or are thought to communicate with each other
language of the bees
a system of signs and symbols and rules for using them that is used to carry information
BASIC is a computer language
the way in which words are used
strong language
the words and expressions of a particular group or field
the language of medicine
the study of language
1 Powers could only nod and point as they peppered him with questions in Russian, a language he did not understand at all.
2 A crowd had gathered around us by then, and I asked again in multiple languages if anyone had heard of a release site.
3 “Because every time she talks to him he starts muttering in a different language under his breath. What else would he be saying?”
4 It was as if text-messaging shorthand as used on mobile phones were to shape the way language was written in books.
5 No way to stand in the crowd, uttering one’s family language.
6 Metaphor is a way of thinking which produces artistic language.
隐喻是这种艺术语言得以产生的思维方式.
7 I’m dressed as a mestizo, and I don’t speak their language and they have to notice how uncomfortable I feel in this dirty house.
8 Garrison called for immediate emancipation in language that left no room for compromise.
9 “We have Croatian deckhands on the ship. They don’t speak our language either, but somehow we communicate.”
10 It turns out that there is also a big difference in how number-naming systems in Western and Asian languages are constructed.
11 Very soon there were whistles, then soldiers with red eyes and prominent guns jostling my shoulders, grabbing their crotches and shouting at me in languages I didn’t understand.
12 Unlike her husband, she welcomes her adopted language, its possibilities for reinvention.
13 I was too tired to care about words in any language.
14 It is harder to carry on a conversation in a dead language than you might think.
15 The soldier spoke a language that I couldn’t understand.
16 Without a basic education in their own language, they were playing catch-up in schools where classes were taught in a new language, one many of the boys could barely understand.
17 But the face of an American missionary lady bent over her and smiled, talking to her in a soothing language she did not understand.
18 People in India always say Urdu is this sweet language of poetry, but to me, Urdu just sounds like my parents.
19 Many people have strong opinions on the quality of language today.
20 I could sense him relax a bit at the sound of the familiar language.
1 行话
shelta patter shoptalk thieves' Latin jargon lingo cant argot gobbledegook -speak argotic dialectal dial. d. talk shop dialect slang vernacular buzzword patois
4 表达
expressive image expression ventilation conveyance put present represent reflect express render breathe couch conceive clothe ventilate
5 语言学
linguistic philological philologic linguistical glossology linguistics philology etic ling. glottology
6 专门词汇
7 态度
form position action air stand style figure movement behavior spirit port presence manner expression pitch tune attitude behaviour bearing stance posture guise slant demeanor deportment mien
8 语风
9 术语
terminological technology term terminology jargon nomenclature lingo phraseology cant technicality parlance -speak dialect slang buzz word vernacular nomenclative technics technical terms nomenclatorial label buzzword technic
14 特殊用语
16 语言
lang linguistic lingual linguistical tongue langue -logy JavaScript vocabulary bhasha idiom lingo glossal SNOBOL BASIC oration Prolog Java voice speaking lingua vox gloss- -speak wa-wa
17 骂人的话
18 坏话
19 表达方式
22 文风
23 骂人话
25 叫声
call scream yell exclamation holler interjectional note cry rant jug howl bleat challenge utterance
27 语言的
28 书面体
29 计算机语言