英:[ˈspɪrɪt]
美:[ˈspɪrɪt]
英:[ˈspɪrɪt]
美:[ˈspɪrɪt]
spir·it
spi riht
复数:spirits
第三人称单数:spirits
现在分词:spiriting
过去式:spirited
过去分词:spirited
词根:spirit
adj.spiritual 精神的,心灵的
spirited 英勇的;生机勃勃的
spiritless 沮丧的;沉闷的;无生气的
adv.spiritedly 活泼地;有精神地
n.spiritual 圣歌(尤指美国南部黑人的)
spiritedness 有精神;活泼;勇敢
spiritualisation 精神化
v.spirited 鼓舞(spirit的过去分词)
spiritualise 使成精神上
noun
an animating or vital principle held to give life to physical organisms
a supernatural being or essence: such as
capitalized holy spirit
soul sense 2a
an often malevolent being that is bodiless but can become visiblespecifically: ghost sense 2
a malevolent being that enters and possesses a human being
temper or disposition of mind or outlook especially when vigorous or animated
in high spirits
the immaterial intelligent or sentient part of a person
the activating or essential principle influencing a person
acted in a spirit of helpfulness
an inclination, impulse, or tendency of a specified kind : mood
a special attitude or frame of mind
the money-making spirit was for a time driven back—J. A. Froude
the feeling, quality, or disposition characterizing something
undertaken in a spirit of fun
a lively or brisk quality in a person or a person's actions
a person having a character or disposition of a specified nature
a mental disposition characterized by firmness or assertiveness
denied the charge with spirit
distillate sense 1: such as
a usually volatile organic solvent (such as an alcohol, ester, or hydrocarbon)
prevailing tone or tendency
spirit of the age
general intent or real meaning
spirit of the law
an alcoholic solution of a volatile substance
spirit of camphor
enthusiastic loyalty
school spirit
capitalized Christian Science god sense 1b
verb
transitive verb
to infuse with spiritespecially: animate
hope and apprehension of feasibleness spirits all industry —John Goodman
to carry off usually secretly or mysteriously
was hustled into a … motorcar and spirited off to the country—W. L. Shirer
team spiritn. 团队精神;合作精神
holy spirit[宗]圣灵(等于Holy Ghost)
in the spirit of本着…的精神
olympic spirit奥林匹克精神;奥运精神
national spirit民族精神;国魂
in spirit在精神上
pioneering spirit开拓精神;首创精神;闯劲
enterprising spirit进取心,进取精神;创业精神
evil spirit恶魔;妖精
professional spiritn. 专业精神
white spirit石油溶剂油
time spiritn. 时代精神
high spirit斗志昂扬;勇气
free spiritn. 无拘无束的人;自由自在的人
group spirit团队精神
public spirit公益精神,公德心
entrepreneur spirit企业家精神;事业心
competitive spirit竞争意识,好胜心
spirit level水准仪;水平仪
collective spirit集体精神
这组词都有“灵魂,心灵”的意思,其区别是:
soul指超越身体之外,永远存在的无形的东西,即所谓灵魂,亦可作人解。
spirit当指与body相对而言的所谓灵魂时,可与soul互换使用,但强调人的精神素质,也指神仙、精灵等。
ghost普通用词,主要指死者的灵魂。
以上来源于网络
公元13世纪,“生命,人和动物的生命或生命力的原理”,源自盎格鲁-法语 spirit,古法语 espirit “精神,灵魂”(12世纪,现代法语 esprit),直接源自拉丁语 spiritus “呼吸(呼吸和风的呼吸),神的气息”,故“灵感; 生命的氧息”,因此是生命本身的意思。
拉丁语词汇还可以意味着“性格,品质; 高尚精神,活力,勇气; 骄傲,傲慢”。它是 spirare “呼吸”的派生词,曾经被认为可能起源于 PIE 的 *(s)peis- “吹” (也是旧教会斯拉夫语 pisto “吹笛子”的来源)。但是德·凡(de Van)说,拉丁语动词“可能是一种模仿呼吸声音的拟声构词法,没有直接的同源词语。” 比较 conspire, expire, inspire。
在英语中,它作为“神圣物质,神圣思想,上帝”的意思被记录下来,始于14世纪末; 还指“基督”或他的神性; 还作为“圣灵; 神灵的力量”的意思。到了14世纪末,“灵魂作为人的道德座位”以及“上帝扩展其力量到人类; 灵感,有超凡能力的状态; 超凡能力”这一含义也被证明。
“超自然的无形生物; 天使,恶魔; 幽灵,肉身无形的空气性质的存在”的含义始自14世纪中叶。该词在14世纪末也被证明为“鬼魂,人的脱离物”(请参见 ghost)。Spirit-rapping 是指在超自然意义上的 spiritualism,口语用法,始于1852年。Spirit-world “无形灵性世界”是由1829年开始的。
其作为“本质性质,本质品质”的意思始于14世纪末。Spirit of St. Louis 的非神学意义“某物的本要原则”(如所述)始于1680年代,并在1800年后变得常见。在引用激发和维持美国1776年革命的素质时,以 Spirit of '76 的意思在1797年出版了威廉·科贝特(William Cobbett)的“豪猪报和每日广告”。
从14世纪中叶以后,在英语中就已经是指“性格,性情; 思维和感觉方式,心境; 人类欲望的源泉”; 在中古英语中, freedom of spirit 意味着“自由选择”。在引申意义上,从1580年代开始,“动画,活力”就成为它的意思; 到大约1600年时,它也有了“完成某事的心态; 元气,主观的精神和勇气”的意义。
从14世纪末开始,Alchemy 就把它作为“不稳定的物质; 蒸馏”(从大约1500年开始,它还代表了“凝固物和挥发物元素结合的物质”的意思)。因此, spirits “不稳定的物质”; 强烈的酒精饮料的意义在1670年代时缩小了。这也是 spirit level(1768年)的意思,称为清澈的管中液体。
根据 Barnhart 和 OED 的说法,这个词在英语中的最早用法主要是来自 Vulgate 中的版本,其中拉丁语单词翻译了希腊语 pneuma 和希伯来语 ruah。在基督教术语中, soul 和 spirit 之间的区别(例如希腊语 psykhē 和 pneuma,拉丁语 anima 和 spiritus)变得普遍,但是“对于早期时期并没有什么意义”[巴克]。在帝国时期,古典拉丁语中“呼吸”的 spiritus 代替了“精神”的 animus,并以拉丁语 pneuma 的通常等效物出现在基督教文献中。
通过蒸馏得到的或易挥发的液体中的任何一种,如酒精
醑剂:挥发性物质的酒精溶液
Noun Middle English, from Anglo-French or Latin; Anglo-French, espirit, spirit, from Latin spiritus, literally, breath, from spirare to blow, breathe
The first known use of spirit was in the 14th century
spiritual1 of 2adjective
of, relating to, or consisting of spirit : not bodily or material
of or relating to sacred or religious matters
related or joined in spirit
our spiritual home
spiritual2 of 2noun
a religious song usually of a very emotional character that was developed especially among Black people in the southern U.S.
spirit1 of 2noun
a force within a human being thought to give the body life, energy, and power : soul
capitalized holy spirit
a being (as a ghost) whose existence cannot be explained by the known laws of nature
mood entry 1
in good spirits
a lively or brisk quality
answered with spirit
real meaning or intention
the spirit of the law
an attitude governing one's actions
said in a spirit of fun
a distilled alcoholic liquor—usually used in plural
a solution in alcohol—often used in plural
spirits of camphor
spirit2 of 2verb
to carry off secretly or mysteriously
spiritlessadjective
lacking courage or energy
spiritedadjective
full of courage or energy
a spirited discussion
spiritedadjective
full of courage or energy
a spirited discussion
spiritedadjective
full of courage or energy
a spirited discussion
spirit1 of 2noun
a force within a human being thought to give the body life, energy, and power : soul
capitalized holy spirit
a being (as a ghost) whose existence cannot be explained by the known laws of nature
mood entry 1
in good spirits
a lively or brisk quality
answered with spirit
real meaning or intention
the spirit of the law
an attitude governing one's actions
said in a spirit of fun
a distilled alcoholic liquor—usually used in plural
a solution in alcohol—often used in plural
spirits of camphor
spirit2 of 2verb
to carry off secretly or mysteriously
spiritnoun
distillateespecially: the liquid containing ethyl alcohol and water that is distilled from an alcoholic liquid or mash —often used in plural
a usually volatile organic solvent (as an alcohol, ester, or hydrocarbon)
an alcoholic solution of a volatile substance
spirit of camphor
1 Fight! Show spirit! Come on! You have the support of everyone!
冲吧! 展示你的勇气! 加油! 所有人都支持你!
2 On the other hand, her spirits rose with news that would have been insignificant for other people, such as the fact that her son had seen the Pope.
3 Victor’s spirit drops as he reaches the tenth floor.
4 Her spirit was commemorated at the ceremony by an empty chair, which her classmates had decorated with sunflowers and purple fabric.
5 The story always lifted my spirits and gave strength to my arms.
6 Indeed, it did seem as though the longer she lived in the city the more spirits she saw.
7 Though neither he nor his opponent was injured, M. Walter was pleased with Duroy's spirit.
虽然双方都未负伤, 华代尔先生对他的勇气却极为赞赏.
8 He went out of the compartment and returned a few moments later with a small spirit stove and a pair of curling tongs.
9 Her blood and spirit were coursing fast and her shoulder was hot as though from Lazlo’s real breath.
10 For contented spirit, you must yield to God.
要得到心灵的平静, 你必须对神降服.
11 She realized that the tension in the air increased Clara’s mental powers and disturbed the spirits that were hovering around the child.
12 “Father, into Thy hands I commend her spirit.”
13 The warmth and welcome resurrected her good spirits.
14 One day he would find his spirit, his father told him.
15 And is not the lute that soothes your spirit, the very wood that hollowed with knives?
抚慰你心灵的琵琶不正是被小刀挖空的那块木头 吗 ?
16 “Exactly. That’s what happens when people die. Their spirit flies up into the blue sky,” said Papa.
17 Unless—unless somehow Oak could be crowned and spirited away from Faerie.
18 I had encouraged my husband, and endeavoured to support his spirits under his trouble.
我曾经劝过我丈夫, 当他在困难之中我曾极力鼓励过他的勇气.
19 In spirit, it asserts solidarity with the “least of these among us.”
20 Downstairs, I was permitted a brief good-bye to Winnie, and on this occasion she was not at all grim; she was in high spirits and shed no tears.
2 志气
5 心智
6 心灵
spiritual psychic soul Psyche heart psych- unfleshly inward superorganic pneuma nous entelechy internal inner animus the inner man interior psychical psyche psychological psycho-
7 酒剂
9 主要倾向
10 医用酒精
11 勇气
cojones gits game heart ball strength metal bottle sand stomach nerve gut spine dare courage temper starch backbone pluck valor hardiness mettle spunk moxie pecker dauber corazon a stout heart enterprise daring bravery gallantry grit gumption valiance have the heart valour balls intestinal fortitude character resource fortitude pepper gameness
14 生命
15 元气
energy heart spring snap bounce vinegar sap starch vitality vivacity jism life kick bang ginger pep vigor sinew devilment good cheer zip pneuma constitution lifeblood verve blood mercury animal spirits
17 实质
essential fundamental substantial hylic body bottom meat substance texture existence gut essence marrow gist nitty-gritty parenchyma virtuality substantiality quiddity whatness heart nub material virtual root quintessence hypostasis true intrinsic substantive
19 火酒
21 上帝
interminable providential dom. N.-S. love mind father king truth lord principle god soul maker heaven absolute supreme creator divine architect eternal infinite invisible deity almighty Allah Deus Dominus Jehovah domine Adonai the Lord of Sabaoth the Most High the searcher of hearts
22 直觉
immediate intuitive gnostic presentative samskara reason sense perception gut instinct intuition cognition hunch tact
23 时代精神
24 本能
25 神
holy spiritual divine supernatural immortal godly superhuman supernal unhuman one power god being heaven absolute deity divinity Allah providence godhead Deus All-father infinite Elohim Holy One Supreme Being sacred dad intelligence omnipotent omniscient kami baal deva elohim allfather King of Kings king of bliss
28 烈性酒
29 灵魂
separate spiritual inward pneumatic astral ghostly immaterial supersensible life soul familiar shade ghost sprite Psyche ba anima pneuma Geist psychic ka atman inner man psycho- fetch entelechy inner woman supernatural psyche spiritual body psychical pneumato- animism phantom heart geist manes
30 心情
frame feeling tune breast mood humor cheer vein cue temper heart feather the cockles of heart the cockles of the heart humour frame of mind posture affection
31 酒精的
32 精神
unfleshly internal mental incorporate interior spiritual inner psychic ghostly immaterial incorporeal supersensible unphysical unbodied supersensual phren- psych- life mind soul steam gut genius ambition savvy stamina inward ethos Psyche mettle nous mickey dauber esprit pneuma Geist sensorium pert ginger pep verve platonic nonmaterial psychal go wit mens psycho- inner man pecker pneumatic Platonic phrenic metal juice pluck psyche vim pizzazz spunk unworldly pneumato- bounce rested -spirited psychotropic psychological cut a dash bezazz form heart youth zip courage mentality mercury morale spirituality psycho gimp pith vigour geist puissance pushiness
33 勇敢
game proud bold brave martial heroic stout gritty courageous fearless Spartan manly intrepid valiant stalwart gallant audacious thoroughbred chivalrous dauntless doughty venturous manful braw stouthearted lionhearted gamy greathearted courage assurance daring bravery audacity valor gallantry intrepidity hardihood embolden like a man
34 本质
native formal substantial intrinsic constitutive bottom root fabric being substance texture entity gut essence quintessence hypostasis inwardness quiddity essential inbuilt nature inscape
35 性情
habit grain humor disposition temper temperament spirited nature frame metal constitution cheer habit of mind
37 热情
warm passionate enthusiastic hearty breezy fervent zealous zesty effusive full-blooded heartily life soul passion enthusiasm warmth zest pep zeal vim gusto oomph verve fervour zing ardour fire in your belly hot active intense keen ardent full-on rousing lusty warm-hearted cordially go commitment zip lust vitality zap get-up-and-go
38 鼓舞
support animation stimulus prompting hearten innerve heart inspire urge stimulate infuse animate buoy rouse invigorate chuff vitalize inebriate inspirit carry along invigorative infusive exciting inspiring inspirational invigorating rousing stimulative inspiration stimulation excitation incitement reanimation vivify invigoration root embrave inform wake prompt spark cheer ginger quicken waken elate key up a shot in the arm stirring spur impulse build-up impulsion lift sustain elevate kindle persevere reanimate roust
41 毅力
42 魔鬼
hellish devil sorrow adversary nick fiend deuce tempter lucifer belial shaitan mahound redcap devildom Old Harry Old Scratch Old Nick
45 招魂术的
46 热诚
guidwillie devout openhearted fervor cordiality empressement young-eyed enthusiastic open-armed kindly enthusiastically cordially avidly zealously git-up enthusiasm zealousness con amore warm strenuous fervent cordial sanguine warm-blooded unctuous perfervid down heart warmth elan gemutlichkeit Innigkeit good will
47 烈酒
tangle-legs sauce poison booze firewater tanglefoot schnaps jollop short tipple schnapps fire-water rozener ardent spirits aqua vitae hard liquor hard stuff hooch chaser
53 恶魔
demoniac demon diabolic enemy hell scratch ghost devil puck serpent nick fiend Satan harry deuce Beelzebub Apollyon Eblis mester devildom Mahound Iblis cacodemon afreet the man of sin the old gentleman
54 精力
staminal zippo mohoska go life power energy bottom spring kick hell juice snap steam pride zip bounce dynamics ambition tuck ginger stamina starch livelihood vigor zap vim oomph whiz gimp verve pith sinew zing virility gumption moxie pizazz gyp jism birr getup zowie stingo foison pazazz piss and vinegar lead in pencil
55 幽灵
supernatural spectral ghostly phantasmal doubleganger shape double appearance presence shadow ghost phantom apparition spook semblance boggle specter wraith phantasm hobgoblin umbra bogle eidolon duppy boggart phantasma waff idolum phantasmic shade bugaboo bogy manes spectre bogey wight visitant bodach jumbie sprite vision idol chimera ghosty haunt revenant
56 心态
57 鬼魂
soul shade phantom wraith ghost phantasm bodach ghoul apparition spectre things that go bump in the night spectral
58 气质
temperamental race blood temperature metal cast habit texture grain strain stomach makeup mold chemistry kidney humor affection temper temperament complexion charisma mettle proclivity crasis make composition disposition class presence vein make-up constitutional streak turn of mind
60 仙子
65 一类人
66 拐走
67 心理
68 小精灵
71 人
-ese human personal mortal anthropic -ster he people number man customer person job body head face individual party mind client character article skin baby stick artist apple cat Christian camp bird soul horse mouth being cookie fellow cake pot creature vessel merchant onion scout worthy skate monkey specimen mankind mug persona dick gee homo humankind cunt joker critter hairpin bod personage bleeder varmint Joe geezer wight kipper C hypostasis hombre prig fellowman bailer homme gink beezer adamite gazabo liveware personkind you one un that Meatware a piece of goods thing life CASE hand card piece heart guy sort traffic fish dust devil humanity chap bloke beggar bugger mush Johnny blighter nabs anthropos your 'un a lump of clay human being man jack cuss God's image piece of flesh piece of goods anthropo- case figure dab -ant -ent
73 酒精
alcohol spiritus alky alcoholic ethanol grain alcohol aqua vitae spirits of wine ethyl alcohol
75 立场
case hand color position stand ground shoe capacity venue stance standpoint footing contestation where one is at
78 意图
attempted calculated design eye purpose attempt aim intention intent animus intend calculate so that may in view
79 精神的
unfleshly internal mental incorporate interior spiritual inner psychic ghostly immaterial incorporeal supersensible unphysical unbodied supersensual
80 情绪
affective form bag feeling tone tune attitude emotion mood humor cheer vein feather cue sentiment temper morale fig heartbeat affectivity sentimental atmosphere a frame of mind emotional frame chord pulse the cockles of heart the cockles of the heart heart humour note emotive affect mind fit affection vibes pathetic withers fettle
81 活力
life power energy green nature spring strength kick youth juice snap steam punch zip bounce bang pulse dynamics vinegar tuck ginger sap mustard starch vitality marrow livelihood bloodstream pep vigor zap crackle vibrancy fizz dynamism oomph whiz gimp verve zing vivacity pizazz thew gyp razzmatazz jism birr zowie entelechy stingo pazazz lustihood piss and vinegar lead in pencil go activity animation dash sparkle vim vigour spunk elan blood welly attack dynamic spark flush brio esprit élan force dynamo pizzazz virility juices life force
82 态度
set play position deal air stand figure movement behavior profile port manner attitude pose bearing stance dispose posture slant demeanor countenance demean mien portance view delivery feeling outlook guise a point of view eye voice Mien point of view line orientation tone behaviour affection standpoint approach perspective attitudinal way ground sentiment dealing viewpoint form action style language presence expression pitch tune deportment
83 招魂术
84 药酒
87 生气
huffish dark tired angry salty steamed waxy redneck hung aggravating sullen sulky aerated chewed Riley pouty choleric snaky roily snorty red-necked fashy porkey vexedly mulligrubs life fire soul spark mood animation mad pulse wax warmth bait sap irritation sparkle vitality fume livelihood ruffle pique snuff aggro huff pout peeve oomph mumps sulk verve gird tiff brio huffy verdure niff rux miff irritancy check pet smoke stomach grump warm anger dislike offend wig irritate displeasure displease vex exasperate roil take ill have monkey up be in a fume lose wool get gage up teed off get wind up brown off get jaws tight get back up leaped up
88 降神术
89 超自然的存在
92 气概
94 人物
person job individual character figure baby soul persona personage timber material fish personality
96 鼓励
encouraging promotive reassuringly encouragingly encouragement countenance peptalk embrave encourage promote incite buoy recomfort place a premium on put a premium on pat on the back a pat on the back tonic rousing stimulative support incentive cheer stimulation cheering prompting send-off build-up fosterage move edge warm prompt urge excite nerve foster stimulate uphold beacon arouse pep agitate rouse embolden hearten waken