英:[skrætʃ]
美:[skrætʃ]
英:[skrætʃ]
美:[skrætʃ]
复数:scratches
第三人称单数:scratches
现在分词:scratching
过去式:scratched
过去分词:scratched
scratcher (n.)
词根:scratch
adj.scratchy 潦草的;刺痒的;草率的;发刮擦声的
n.scratcher 抓扒者;抓扒工具
verb
transitive verb
to scrape or dig with the claws or nails
to rub and tear or mark the surface of with something sharp or jagged
to scrape or rub lightly (as to relieve itching)
to act on (a desire)—used with itch
scratch the itch to travel
to scrape together : collect with difficulty or by effort
scratch out a living
to write or draw on a surface
to cancel or erase by or as if by drawing a line through
to withdraw (an entry) from competition
scribble, scrawl
to scrape along a rough surface
scratch a match
intransitive verb
to use the claws or nails in digging, tearing, or wounding
to scrape or rub oneself lightly (as to relieve itching)
to gather money or make a living by hard work and especially through irregular means and sacrifice
had to scratch and save for college
to make a thin grating sound
to produce a rhythmic scratching sound by or as if by moving a phonograph record back and forth under a phonograph needle
to withdraw from a contest or engagement
to make a scratch in billiards or pool
noun
a mark or injury produced by scratchingalso: a slight wound
scrawl, scribble
the sound made by scratching
the starting line in a race
a test of courage
satisfactory condition, level, or performance
not up to scratch
a contestant whose name is withdrawn
poultry feed (such as mixed grains) scattered on the litter or ground especially to induce birds to exercise called alsoscratch feed
a shot in billiards or pool that ends a player's turnspecifically: a shot in pool in which the cue ball falls into the pocket
a shot that scores by chance : fluke
slang money, funds
adjective
arranged or put together with little selection : haphazard
a scratch team
made as or used for a tentative effort
made or done by chance and not as intended
a scratch shot
having no handicap or allowance
a scratch golfer
made from scratch : made with basic ingredients
a scratch cake
from scratch白手起家;从头做起
start from scratch从头开始;白手起家;从起跑线开始
up to scratch达到标准
without a scratch一点儿也没受伤,安然无恙
scratch the surface只做了肤浅的研究;不深刻,不周详
scratch for oneself[美国口语]关心自身利益
scratch linen. 起跑线
on scratch准时,正点
scratch resistance抗划伤;耐擦伤性
starting from scratch白手起家;从零开始
scratch resistant耐划伤性
scratch test过敏性测验;划痕试验
scratch抓伤;
bruise擦伤
bump/lump碰伤肿块;
cut割伤;
burn灼伤;
以上来源于网络
约于1400年,及物动词 scracchen,意为“用粗糙、锋利或尖锐的物体刮或撕伤表面留下痕迹或伤口”,可能是中古英语 scratten 和 crachen 的融合,两者均意为“刮”,来源不确定。还可参考 scr-。相关词汇: Scratched; scratching。
1520年代,“用指甲、爪子或刮痒器刮擦缓解皮肤刺激”的意思出现。1909年,台球中“将球杆击入球袋”的意思被记录下来(最初也是 itch),尽管早期它的意思是“幸运的一击”(1850年)。1865年,“退出(赛马)比赛”的意思来自于将其名字从竞争者名单中划掉的概念; 这个短语在1680年代被用于非体育意义上的“取消计划等”。
“只在渗透或理解方面取得轻微进展”是从1882年开始使用的 scratch the surface。1712年,将 scratch (one's) head 作为困惑的手势被记录下来。石膏 scratch-coat 在凝固前被刮痕粗糙,最早出现于1891年。
没有让步的
退出比赛
搔抓:以指甲或锐利或粗糙不平的工具轻擦表面,尤指用于搔痒
搔抓音
划痕:在皮表制作浅表刺痕
擦伤
划痕
Verb Middle English scracchen, probably blend of scratten to scratch and cracchen to scratch
The first known use of scratch was in the 15th century
scratch1 of 2verb
to scrape, rub, or injure with or as if with the claws or nails
to act on (a desire)—used with itch
scratch the itch to travel
to make a living by hard work and saving
to cancel or erase by or as if by drawing a line through
to withdraw (an entry) from competition
to write or draw especially hastily or carelessly : scrawl
to scrape or rub oneself lightly especially to relieve itching
to make a thin harsh sound
this pen scratches
scratch2 of 2noun
a mark (as a line) or injury made by scratchingalso: a slight wound
the sound of scratching
the line from which competitors start in a race
satisfactory state or performance
not up to scratch
scratch1 of 2verb
to scrape, rub, or injure with or as if with the claws or nails
to act on (a desire)—used with itch
scratch the itch to travel
to make a living by hard work and saving
to cancel or erase by or as if by drawing a line through
to withdraw (an entry) from competition
to write or draw especially hastily or carelessly : scrawl
to scrape or rub oneself lightly especially to relieve itching
to make a thin harsh sound
this pen scratches
scratch2 of 2noun
a mark (as a line) or injury made by scratchingalso: a slight wound
the sound of scratching
the line from which competitors start in a race
satisfactory state or performance
not up to scratch
1 “I need time to think,” Matty said, subduing the puppy with a rhythmic scratch below his chin.
2 Horace Whaley scratched the birthmark on his forehead and watched the falling snow beyond the courtroom windows.
3 His stumps hurt him, and sometimes he would reach down to where his legs used to be—he wanted to scratch them, but there was no place to scratch.
4 He leaped to the window and scratched at it.
5 Pecola touched the scratched place on her face and felt tears coming.
6 I was relieved to see that Daddy had told the truth: except for the cast and a couple of scratches on her face, Mom looked totally fine.
7 When he turned over and sat up, Lina saw that his face was scratched and his eyes wide open in fright.
8 The genetic code had to be written into the material of DNA—just as intimately as scratches are etched into pith.
9 Ishmael sat down on the edge of his father’s desk, scratched his chin, and thought about it.
10 We had to start from scratch together. We did all of our research in the library together.
我们必须从零开始。我们一起在图书馆做了所有的研究。
11 Most mammals emerge from the womb like glazed earthenware emerging from a kiln—any attempt at remoulding will only scratch or break them.
12 People who build tiny houses from scratch use them as the foundation.
13 He scratched his neck contemplatively, as if he were thinking of having a shave one of these days.
14 “One day free,” Amari announced as she scratched the numerous bites on her body.
15 It didn’t take the itch away, but made it difficult enough to scratch that I hoped I’d be able to resist.
16 As I approached, he scowled and scratched out another line.
17 Their legs and hands and faces were scratched.
18 Sandy scratches at his jaw, and I notice that alongside the bruise, he’s got red bumps on his face, his hands and legs.
19 And the young man had nodded and scratched the bristles along his jaw.
20 Not only had Foaly built their communications network from scratch, but he was also a pioneer in the field of flare prediction.
2 划痕
4 积攒
6 金钱
monetary pecuniary needful silver pelf spondulicks money cash purse shiner Mammon splosh the necessary
8 注销
9 轻伤
14 平局
17 发出刮擦声
22 临时凑成
25 偶然的
haphazard chance external casual pickup passing occasional accidental contingent incidental unforeseen circumstantial fortuitous adventitious extemporaneous occurrent extemporary extemporal shotgun stray haply involuntary infrequent promiscuous fluky undesigned causeless unhistoric
27 碰巧
bechance happen at a venture by chance as it happens as luck would have it lucky casual hit-and-miss hazard
28 刺
job spine stab poke thrust Thorn prick prod quill thrusting prickle pinprick JAG stick pink spike lunge jab prong chib jook
30 伪造
sophisticated bogus phony spurious snide phoney imitative hyped-up adulterine bastardly postiche sophistication forgery falsification adulteration fakery wangle forge counterfeit duff fake imitate fiddle fabricate falsify feign sophisticate
31 平等
equal coordinate equally evenly equably equality parity evenness liberte even level equalize make odds even on an equality
33 划下痕迹
34 勾消
38 刮去
41 删除
stricken elision edit delete excise expunge expurgate remove lop leave out cut deletion erase omit
42 安然无恙
51 不让步的
53 沙沙声
murmurous whisper murmur lisp rustle crinkle whispering rustling froufrou sough whish frication
54 未得分
55 取消
rescissory backout recall cancel cancellation scrub repeal revoke revocation abatement retraction annulment undoing rescission nullification recision palinode voidance retractation cut remove reverse blank divorce bump void dissolve exempt undo negate retract rescind annihilate nullify ax abate preempt annul expunge recant unsay countermand unswear disannul canc avocatory revocatory avoidance annihilation write-off abrogation extinguishment cassation recantation reexchange kill avoid discharge swallow overrule weather out off abort pull strike shed chop scrap axe extinguish redline nix abrogate mothball unmake ixnay ungroup abolition lower abolish obviate lift dismantle scotch disestablish kick into touch divest of wash out call off de- bag take off put off do away with strike down
57 平等的
58 咯吱咯吱
59 无名小卒
60 便条
61 放弃
release waiver rendering renunciation disengagement cession quitclaim abnegation for- stop can give part break pass walk drop deliver stick bag yield render skip quit surrender resign scrub waive concede chuck lapse forfeit relinquish renounce forsake forgo disclaim cede renege shuck abnegate leave alone pack it in whistle down the wind chuck it all in give up as a bad job quit hold of throw hand in
62 偶然
haphazard chance external casual pickup passing occasional accidental contingent incidental unforeseen circumstantial fortuitous adventitious extemporaneous occurrent extemporary extemporal bechance happen accidentally happily incidentally perchance haply accidently peradventure accident venture hazard fortuity every Preston Gild by chance as it happens shotgun stray involuntary infrequent promiscuous fluky undesigned causeless unhistoric promiscuous-like semioccasionally casually chance-medley contingency hap
63 停止
whoa stop stand rest arrest suspension silence breakdown interruption hitch barley blackout cessation suspense stoppage standstill discontinuance abeyance stopping ceasing surcease letup leave hold fall stay pass drop quit toss pause stall halt discontinue slack stash stint staunch desist can call cut secure cheese suspend terminate cease waive remit stow embargo foreclose belay breakup pull-up dis-
64 公平
just level fair equal reasonable neutral equitable rightful even-handed uncoloured justice equity
66 恶魔
demoniac demon diabolic spirit enemy hell ghost devil puck serpent nick fiend Satan harry deuce Beelzebub Apollyon Eblis mester devildom Mahound Iblis cacodemon afreet the man of sin the old gentleman
67 抓
handhold hent scart crab scramb take seizing grabbing catch grip pluck seize rake make a grab at make a grab for hold clutch snatch clasp handle grab claw gripping grasping grasp pounce strike paw
68 终止
end term death ending cancellation termination halt expiry cessation reprieve bust-up close break cancel cease bust quench falter guillotine call a halt come to a full stop pull the plug
69 撒旦
satanic devil adversary Nick fiend Satan tempter Lucifer shaitan archfiend Old Nick Old Scratch Prince of Darkness the Serpent
70 擦去
74 魔王
satanic devil adversary fiend Satan Lucifer Beelzebub archfiend Demogorgon the god of this world Old Nick Old Scratch Old Harry old one the Serpent Evil One
75 仓促拼凑
78 抓痕
79 钱
spondulicks geets gainings pazaza dooteroomus do-re-mi mezonny tlac ookus geedus beewy soapgrease money oil green necessary stuff mark rock roll cash soft bone pocket chip cheese juice bread coin dust bean potato soap corn dump charm dough sock jack brass bark ammo tease loot cabbage velvet pudding rhino kale rivet filthy swag jingle gilt rind salve alfalfa sen cushy spud lolly greenback needful scrip clink wherewithal wherewith oof doubloon dingbat Oscar wampum jun darby ocher moola gelt nicker kanga splosh cush siller jeon shekel dinero dosh silver tin wedge wad SEN ducat moolah bunce boodle pelf mazuma wonga l.s.d. dibs ackers monetary gold lettuce bees and honey
83 勉强过活
84 刮伤
87 使…退出比赛
88 撤销
cancellation revocation retraction rescission pull-out rowback pull lift cancel reverse withdraw repeal overturn retract rescind quash abrogate countermand draw back from doing draw back from from doing set aside put off strike down draw back
89 失误
boss cross-up mismove trip error lapse domino fluff muff bungle miscue misplay lapsus clam goof fault
90 潦草地写
91 勉强维持生活
93 现钞
95 发沙沙声
96 起跑线
start base score mark scratch line standing start START line Mark
98 侥幸击中
100 勉强过日子
102 拒绝支持
103 意外
surprising unexpected accidental unconscious haphazard fortuitous unhoped haply chance casualty
104 刮坏
105 退出
exit retirement withdrawal opt-out secession logoff retire quit withdraw unload secede disaffiliate bow out of pike out log out throw your hand in pull out pull back pull out of back out drop out drop out of back out of bow out log off
107 擦伤
excoriate brush raw burger scrape bruise crease scotch scour abrasion snapper chafe galling boo-boo graze grate raze abrade brush-burn excoriation skin gall Nick rub booboo
109 东拼西凑的
111 拼凑而成的
113 碰巧的