英:[ˈtempə(r)]
美:[ˈtempər]
英:[ˈtempə(r)]
美:[ˈtempər]
tem·per
tem pr
复数:tempers
第三人称单数:tempers
现在分词:tempering
过去式:tempered
过去分词:tempered
temperable (adj.), temperability (n.), temperer (n.)
词根:temper
adj.tempered 缓和的,温和的;调节的;有…气质的
temperamental 喜怒无常的;性情的;易兴奋的
temperance 温暖的;有节制的
adv.temperamentally 气质地
n.temperament 气质,性情,性格;急躁
temperance 戒酒;节欲;(气候等的)温和
tempering [机] 回火
v.tempered 调和(temper的过去分词)
tempering 调和(temper的ing形式)
noun
heat of mind or emotion : proneness to anger : passion
she has a real temper
calmness of mind : composure
state of feeling or frame of mind at a particular time usually dominated by a single strong emotion
a characteristic cast of mind or state of feeling : disposition
characteristic tone : trend
the temper of the times
high quality of mind or spirit : courage
archaic a suitable proportion or balance of qualities : a middle state between extremes : mean, medium
virtue is … a just temper between propensities—T. B. Macaulay
archaic character, quality
the temper of the land you design to sow—John Mortimer
the state of a substance with respect to certain desired qualities (such as hardness, elasticity, or workability)especially: the degree of hardness or resiliency given steel by tempering
the feel and relative solidity of leather
a substance (such as a metal) added to or mixed with something else (such as another metal) to modify the properties of the latter
verb
transitive verb
to dilute, qualify, or soften by the addition or influence of something else : moderate
temper justice with mercy
to anneal or toughen (glass) by a process of gradually heating and cooling
to harden (a material, such as steel) by reheating and cooling in oil
to make stronger and more resilient through hardship : toughen
troops tempered in battle
to bring to a suitable state by mixing in or adding a usually liquid ingredient: such as
to mix (clay) with water or a modifier (such as grog) and knead to a uniform texture
to mix oil with (colors) in making paint ready for use
to put in tune with something : attune
to adjust the pitch of (a note, chord, or instrument) to a temperament
to exercise control over : govern, restrain
to cause to be well disposed : mollify
tempered and reconciled them both—Richard Steele
bad temper坏脾气;暴躁
temper mill平整机
hot temper急躁的脾气
in a temper在盛怒之下;发着脾气
lose your temper发脾气
temper justice with mercy恩威并施
temper tantrum乱发脾气;[医]暴怒发作
in a bad temper脾气坏,性子不好;心情不好
ill temper火爆性子,坏脾气
short temper暴躁脾气;急性子
temper brittleness回火脆性
out of temper发脾气;生气;发怒的
这组词都有“性格、气质、性情、习性”的意思,其区别是:
nature指天生的、不可改变性格。
complexion指由思维方式、态度和情绪所决定的本质特征。
personality主要指一个人稳定的心理特征。
disposition书面用词,指人的主要爱好或思想、精神方面的重要习性、气质。也可指短暂的情绪。
character指对个性或人格所作出的客观评价,常常与道德有关。
temper指从感情方面体现出来,决定处理问题或应付形势的方式的性格或性情,这种性情可以是暂时的也可以长久的。
以上来源于网络
晚期古英语 temprian “调节,使达到适当或合适的状态,调整某些过度的品质,限制在适当的范围内”,源自拉丁语 temperare “遵守适当的措施,保持适度,克制自己”,也是及物动词,“正确混合,按适当比例混合; 调节,统治,管理。”这通常被描述为来自拉丁语 tempus “时间,季节”(见 temporal),具有“适当的时间或季节”的意义。但由于 tempus 的根本意义似乎是“拉伸”,在“限制,调整”的意义上的词可能来自从“拉伸”到“测量”的语义转移(比较 temple(n.1))。“使(钢)变硬和有弹性”的意义可追溯到14世纪晚期。记录有“调整乐器音高”的意义,可追溯到公元1300年左右。相关: Tempered; tempering。
回火
Noun Middle English tempure, tempyr, temper "moderation, mixture of things in proper proportion, mental state," probably noun derivative of tempren, temperen "to mix with, soften, moderate" — more at temper >entry 2 Verb Middle English tempren, temperen "to be mixed with, mix with, soften, moderate, regulate, tune," in part going back to Old English temprian "to mix with, moderate," borrowed from Latin temperāre "to exercise moderation, restrain oneself, moderate, bring to a proper strength or consistency by mixing, maintain in a state of balance," perhaps derivative of temper-, variant stem of tempor-, tempus "period of time"; in part borrowed from Anglo-French temprer, tremper, going back to Latin temperāre — more at tempo Note: The derivation of temperāre from temper- and hence tempus is based on the hypothesis that the original meaning of the noun was "extent, measure"; however, it is not entirely certain that the meanings "to restrain" or "to bring to a suitable state by mixing" (whichever might be the original meaning of temperāre) are consonant with the idea of measuring.
The first known use of temper was before the 12th century
temperamentnoun
a person's attitude as it affects what he or she says or does
nervous temperament
the quality of being very excitable or irritable
temper1 of 2verb
moderate entry 2 sense 1, soften
temper justice with mercy
to control by reducing : subdue
temper one's anger
to bring (as steel or glass) to the desired hardness or strength by heating and cooling
to be or become tempered
temper2 of 2noun
characteristic manner of feeling
the temper of the times
the hardness or toughness of a substance
the temper of a knife blade
a characteristic state of mind or state of feeling : disposition
calmness of mind : composure
lost my temper
state of feeling or state of mind at a particular time
a state of anger
left in a temper
the quality of being easily angered
has a hot temper
temperanoun
a process of painting in which the colors are mixed with substances (as egg, glue, or gum) other than oil
temper1 of 2verb
moderate entry 2 sense 1, soften
temper justice with mercy
to control by reducing : subdue
temper one's anger
to bring (as steel or glass) to the desired hardness or strength by heating and cooling
to be or become tempered
temper2 of 2noun
characteristic manner of feeling
the temper of the times
the hardness or toughness of a substance
the temper of a knife blade
a characteristic state of mind or state of feeling : disposition
calmness of mind : composure
lost my temper
state of feeling or state of mind at a particular time
a state of anger
left in a temper
the quality of being easily angered
has a hot temper
1 But my temper had a hold on me and I could not shake it.
2 I struggle to keep my temper with the kids when they misbehave.
孩子们淘气时,我强捺住性子不发脾气。
3 Uncle Andrew’s temper at last got the better of his fears.
4 She measures her words, trying not to lose her temper with me.
5 "Jews are not Germans," says Hugo, his temper flaring.
6 But Aurelia learned something better—to control her temper and to deal with her servants herself.
7 As wine is tempered with water, so let discretion temper zeale.
8 It was a dry, bright Saturday, the mid-July heat tempered by a steady ocean breeze, ideal weather for sightseeing.
9 He was smiling in spite of himself; Sierra could tell it was one of those smiles that couldn’t be held back or tempered.
10 At that my temper broke, and I must stare at the ice-knife which lay close by my hand, not looking at him and not replying until I had controlled my anger.
11 He swept through the spacious, echoing lobby of the building in a temper of scalding and vindictive resentment.
12 The reason of temper brittleness belong with bainite ferrite and retain austenite decompose carbide.
500℃回火出现回火脆性,其原因与组织中的贝氏体、铁素体及残余奥氏体分解形成碳化物有关.
13 The slow dissolution of coarse cementite in bainite retards the precipitation rate of carbides during tempering.
回火时,贝氏体中粗大的渗碳体溶解较慢,减慢了合金碳化物的析出速率.
14 And was this imprisonment God’s way of curbing his pride, tempering his vainglorious dreams?
15 “I remember the temper tantrum you threw when I didn’t get you a tutu.”
16 Though he can hold his liquor better than Vincent, he has a temper.
17 “He’s working on his temper, darling. He knows he’s got to work on it. We’ve got to help him work on it.”
18 And her temper was such that if King Edward VII or the Lord God Almighty Himself had been around when she got mad, she wouldn’t of talked any less awful.
19 Nerves / Tempers began to fray in the heat.
天热的时候人就容易神经紧张[脾气急躁].
20 The reason the increase the impact fatigue at normalizing and low temperature tempering was discussed.
分析了多冲疲劳裂纹扩展的行为,讨论了正火低温回火提高冲击疲劳的原因.
4 趋势
set run course turn current race wind trend stream tone scenario tendency bias drift tide inclination birr outturn
6 减轻
muted palliative subdued remissive quarter ease relief modification relaxation moderation remission easement palliation extenuation mitigate soften lighten minish disedge qualify modify relax sauce relieve buffer dull alleviate dilute plaster remit subdue quell salve assuage relent mollify slake stanch palliate extenuate decongest modificatory extenuatory alleviative soothing extenuating abatement alleviation remittal abate reduce beat remedy moderate shave lessen beet soothe dampen modulate sweeten solace allay bate
7 脾气
humour spirit grain disposition dander proclivity kidney blood strain liver streak venom of the spleen -tempered composition trait temperament hackle choler disposure
8 冷静
self-poised self-collected level cool cold clinical philosophical hash sober untouched immovable composed unmoved level-headed dispassionate nervy unflappable dry-eyed phlegmatic unsentimental unruffled self-possessed passionless cold-eyed even-tempered nerveless sober-minded unexcited recollected hardheaded unimpassioned unimpressionable coolheaded marbly unwrung unvexed self-composed inexcitable disimpassioned calmly coolly face philosophy calm coolness calmness phlegm dispassion self-possession sangfroid temperate possessed head and collected a stiff upper lip douce straight steady placid impassive imperturbable nerve sanity sang-froid collect
10 韧度
11 淬硬
12 温和
milk-toast open kind soft quiet moderate mild gentle tender slack kindly benign silky bland boon temperate velvety tempered placid pacific silken genial middle-of-the-road Clement well-tempered soft-core placable kid-glove favonian noncontentiously sweet gently mildly canny temperature moderation openness clemency leniency benignity lenience benignancy season mitigate conservative sane lenient suave balmy equable softly mansuetude bonhomie lenity even lukewarm peaceable mild-mannered anodyne clement nicely modify tone down MOR centrist
13 调剂
14 捏和
18 耐性
19 气质
temperamental race blood temperature spirit metal cast habit texture grain strain stomach makeup mold chemistry kidney humor affection temperament complexion charisma mettle proclivity crasis make composition disposition constitutional vein streak turn of mind turn heart touch humour mould ethos
20 倾向
-ile -il apt. set turn drive current direction wind trend stream cast talent tone liability lean strain determination tendency bias genius vein drift tide streak tilt hue disposition inclination ply tenor aptitude slant propensity penchant squint predisposition lurch leaning gravitation proclivity animus habitude look verge movement climate swing bend pulse polarity bent colouring proneness aptness disposure run tend gravitate
21 气愤
22 镇定
calm steady collected sedative unmoved unperturbed self-poise cool settlement moderation tranquility countenance tranquillity equanimity sang-froid tranquilize tranquillize re-collect collect smooth quiet settle soothe quell recompose
23 使缓和
smooth quiet ease qualify mitigate soften slack balm attenuate deaden excuse alloy alleviate mute subdue opiate obtund emollient tone down comfort attemper
24 中庸
mean middle neutral soft-shell middle-of-the-road soft-shelled temperature medium compass moderation temperament moderate middle course
25 黏度
26 硬化
sclerous hardened sclerotic indurate sclerosed sclerotized set setting cure sclerosis cirrhosis hardening ossification induration sclerose harden densify metallize scleroid calcification cementation vulcanization calcify ossify vulcanize stiffen
27 特征
diagnostic point note property character race nature mark cast characteristic principal signature texture impress stamp trait accent distinction genius imprint stigma specificity tincture earmark particularity cachet salience physiognomy lineament finger print
29 勇气
cojones gits game heart ball strength spirit metal bottle sand stomach nerve gut spine dare courage starch backbone pluck valor hardiness mettle spunk moxie pecker dauber corazon a stout heart
30 下降
downward declining sagging fall drop slide decline slip dip descent downturn drop-off slippage ease sag cheapen
31 坚强
chalcenteric strong steel tough iron sturdy muscular grim hardy purposeful inflexible fiber adamancy toughen
32 心境
33 韧性
36 变柔软
37 使回火
38 混合物
all-sorts mashlam mixture compound salad hybrid composition compost infusion amalgamation amalgam compo ragout intermixture maslin cross
40 特性
thing color quality property condition performance character specific race nature touch mark identity attribute characteristic personality signature qualification specialty distinction tang modality individuality specificity singularity propriety individualism timbre peculiarity quale haecceity
41 调整
regulation adjustment integration alignment coordination modulation fixing leveling tune-up rectification shakedown set control measure train fix square adjust tune coordinate regulate gauge tailor calibrate rectify modulate regularize calibration weighting adapt govern revise jigger
44 暴躁
hot-brained fiery flashy stormy surly irascible hot-tempered choleric snarly peevish snappish testy hotheaded doggish grouty iracund petulance petulancy irritable cranky ill touchy petulant ratty short-tempered snippy tetchy humorsome peevishly fretfully grumpily snappily testily tetchily irritability edginess testiness snappiness biliousness cross explosive savage peppery bad-tempered obstreperous termagant pepper temperament storminess termagancy
45 增效剂
46 调音
49 情绪
affective form bag spirit feeling tone tune attitude emotion mood humor cheer vein feather cue sentiment morale fig heartbeat affectivity heart pulse humour emotional note spirits vibes pathetic sentimental emotive withers fettle
50 抑制
baffling repressive coercive suppressive back control check stay wrap arrest brake lid damp restraint oppression suppression inhibition containment repression bridle disincentive continence kibosh arrestation keep refrain repress hold bit stop rule contain press command pocket trap sink possess spare govern spike dam cushion swallow tutor conquer suppress curb choke inhibit deter tame detain hamper restrain constrain rein repel crucify depress quench smother subdue opiate strangle gulp coerce snub constrict halter muffle mortify fetter vanquish chasten bate countercheck strangulate embar keep in check bring under set a bridle on cast a damper on bring under control keep under fight down gear down hold in get under low-key restraining inhibitory suppressed low-keyed restrainedly downhold discipline denial forbearance arrestment holddown subdual help master clip withhold cork stifle forbear keep in order keep under control keep a check on in line
51 平静
surgeless even still smooth quiet calm peaceful tranquil serene lucid restful undisturbed sedate peaceable halcyon unperturbed windless equable reposed reposeful breezeless unvexed quietly peacefully calmly blandly equably tranquilly pacifically restfully undisturbedly balance poise equilibrium serenity tranquility repose calmness quietness subsidence equanimity peacefulness lucidity evenness blandness quietude quietism placidity placidness equability ataraxy rest mitigate recompose tranquilize smoothen
52 使…下降
54 调节
accommodative setting regulation adjustment accommodation alignment adaptation conditioning modulation temperament tune-up set control condition tune coordinate regulate govern mitigate calibrate baffle modulate regulatory regulative modification accommodate time adjust modify inflect syncopate attemper shape reconcile monitor moderate throttle focalize tuneup
55 性急
quick impatient heady hasty brash precipitous petulant impetuous raspy testy pettish impatiently haste quickness petulance impetuosity testiness petulancy headiness be quick of temper
56 易怒
uptight quick cross nervous fiery crook irritable crusty combustible waxy touchy spiky peppery chippy fractious ratty crabby irascible hot-tempered choleric huffy crotchety bad-tempered peevish snaky tetchy querulous hoity-toity waspish testy splenetic pettish liverish miffy snuffy out of sorts
57 缓和
lenitive remissive relaxative modification relaxation moderation thaw remission easement appeasement palliation ease relax subside remit abate slake soothe season prepare smooth quiet qualify modify absorb relieve cushion alloy mitigate soften alleviate slack lighten balm subdue opiate appease solace attenuate assuage deaden slacken mollify stanch palliate attemper obtund alleviative soothing tempered relaxant low-pressure chastening demulcent assuasive mitigation alleviation assuagement subdual moderate still buffer dull sweeten disarm lull salve allay soft-pedal détente mute let up toned-down toning-down softness detente slackening defuse smooth over emollient remittal unbend modulate quell bate palliative excuse give mitigating de-escalate lighten up smooth out water down tone down relief cushion the blow ease up soften the blow ease off modificatory ease-up subdued seasoning mollification relent beat comfort chasten
58 沉着
self-poised self-collected together cool quiet steady measured serene collected easygoing sedate composed staid phlegmatic self-possessed passionless imperturbable nerveless reposeful coolheaded unflapped quietly calmly coolly imperturbation possession calm assurance poise deposition serenity composure sobriety coolness calmness phlegm aplomb equanimity self-possession self-command sangfroid feel oneself bland possessed unconstrained poised matronly cool-headed cold-eyed reposed equanimous self-composed collectedly unconstrainedly equanimously equanimousness gravity repose countenance settling placidity composedness compose and collected presence of mind unruffled unworried steady-going equilibrium have nerves of iron
59 生气
hot go pet mood animation irritation annoyance COB sulk prana zing umbrage grouch dudgeon steam bristle vex sull make a fuss animal spirits out of temper get the hump get knickers in a twist
60 愤怒
high hot angry mad savage irate embittered wrathful roused incensed wroth rageful ropeable spleenful angrily blisteringly ragefully heat anger rage fury wrath ire indignation huff exasperation umbrage dudgeon choler bristle inflame enrage be worked up in hot blood
63 心情
frame spirit feeling tune breast mood humor cheer vein cue humour a frame of mind heart feather the cockles of heart the cockles of the heart frame of mind state affection posture
64 激愤
65 使坚强
66 性质
-etic -ent qualitative qual. -ice quality kind property character hair nature touch sort behavior manner makeup tint temperament timbre belonging -sion
67 揉和
68 忍耐
uncomplaining patiently restrainedly patience bearing endurance forbearance holdout passivity stay endure forbear support stand suffer bear tolerate hold in stick to it
69 性情
temperamental apt. make habit grain humor disposition temperament aptitude predisposition strain vein fibre spirit spirited nature frame metal constitution cheer habit of mind -tempered humour habitude tendency turn affection aptness disposure
70 支配
master ruling dominant governing ascendant overbearing regnant hold control hand government rule authority command danger grip possession clutch reign governance grasp regiment sway mastery regimen dominance dominion domination gripe lordship raj mastership over govern own run guide direct ride influence possess dominate seize wield disburse overrule predominate bestride overarch overstride take the reins take the wheel have a hold on hold sway
71 坏脾气
72 锻炼
school workout forge schooling knead wrought training discipline annealing form season train exercise tutor harden inure anneal trial work attemper prepare steel
74 中和
neutral neutralize neutrality mortification counteraction kill correct negative counteract antagonize
75 调和
assorted tuneful balance tune unison with blend jibe key coordinate reconcile attemper assimilate in chime harmonic rhythm harmony atonement accommodate syncretize square square off regular proportional harmonious consonant symphonic accordant reconciliatory symphonious proportionment compromise proportion consistency unity symphony accord reconciliation seasoning chime symmetry regularity concordance harmonization consonance congruity consistence reconcilement time fit tone chord harmonize sympathize consort assort season attune propitiate
77 适中
78 混合
macaronic interfluent compound hybrid mixed mix combination blend mixture composition fusion shuffle incorporation medley blending shaking admixture intermixture interflow commixture incorporate admix commix interblend immingle intermingle intermix mell Babelize unite lace composite mingle knead conflate interlace commingle interfuse comingle immix run together
79 心平气和