英:[kənˈstreɪn]
美:[kənˈstreɪn]
英:[kənˈstreɪn]
美:[kənˈstreɪn]
con·strain
kn streIn
第三人称单数:constrains
现在分词:constraining
过去式:constrained
过去分词:constrained
constrainable (adj.), constrainingly (adv.), constrainer (n.)
词根:constrain
adj.constrained 拘泥的;被强迫的;不舒服的
adv.constrainedly 勉强地;强迫地;不自然地
n.constraint [数] 约束;局促,态度不自然;强制
v.constrained 驱使;强迫;勉强(constrain的过去分词)
verb
transitive verb
to force by imposed stricture, restriction, or limitation an artist constrained by a client's requirements
Teenagers often feel constrained by rules.
to restrict the motion of (a mechanical body) to a particular mode
compressalso: to clasp tightly
to secure by or as if by bonds : confinebroadly: limit
constrained to a dungeon
to force or produce in an unnatural or strained manner
a constrained smile
to hold back by or as if by force
" … constraining my mind not to wander from the task."—Charles Dickens
这组词都有“迫使”的意思,其区别是:
constrain侧重施加约束力或有约束作用的影响,也指环境对人强加的影响迫使人去做某事,尤指受良心、情感等内在力量驱使去做某事。
force指用个人意志、权力、权威或暴力等,迫使他人改变看法或做本不愿做的事。
compel指在法律、权力、力量或行动等的驱使下被迫而为。
oblige指由于生理上或道德上的需要,促使某人做某事,也指有权威的人或机构迫使某人做某事,还可指在特定情况下被迫作出的反应。
以上来源于网络
constrainv.强迫,力劝,是及物动词。
refrainv.抑制,禁止,强调抑制一种冲动,是正式用语,为不及物动词,后接介词from。
Students refrain from smoking in the classroom.学生们克制住不在教师抽烟。
restrainv.抑制,约束,指通过管束阻止某事发生,是及物动词,其习惯用法是restrain sb. (sth.) from doing。
She restrains her dog by walking him on a leash.溜狗时,她牵着狗来限制它的活动。
以上来源于网络
"施加力量,无论是物理上还是道德上,既可以促使行动,也可以阻止行动," 早在14世纪, constreyen,源自古法语 constreindre(现代法语 contraindre)"限制,控制",来自拉丁语 constringere "绑在一起,紧紧地绑住,束缚,铐住,锁链",来自 com "与,一起"(参见 con-) + stringere "拉紧"(参见 strain(v.))。相关词汇: Constrained; constraining。
Middle English, from Anglo-French constraindre, from Latin constringere to constrict, constrain, from com- + stringere to draw tight — more at strain
The first known use of constrain was in the 14th century
continueverb
to do or cause to do the same thing without stopping the weather continued hot and sunny
I continue to work hard
to go on or carry on after an interruption : resume
to be continued next week
continualadjective
continuing without interruption
days of continual sunshine
occurring again and again within short intervals
continual interruptions
contextnoun
the parts of something written or spoken that are near a certain word or group of words and that help to explain its meaning
the circumstances in which something exists or occurs
contest1 of 2verb
to make (something) a cause of dispute or fighting
contest a claim
contest2 of 2noun
a struggle for victory : competition
containverb
to keep within limits : restrain, check the forest fire was finally contained
tried to contain my laughter
to have within
to consist of : include
to be divisible by especially without a remainder
20 contains 5
contact1 of 3noun
a meeting or touching of surfaces
the connection of two electrical conductors through which a current passes or a part made for such a connection
a person one knows who has influence especially in the business or political world
our contacts in Los Angeles may be able to assist you
an establishing of communication especially with someone or something distant
make contact by radio
contact lens
contact2 of 3verb
to bring or come into contact
to get in touch or communication with
contact your local dealer for details
contact3 of 3adjective
involving or acting upon contact contact insecticides
football and ice hockey are contact sports
constrainverb
compel sense 1
confine sense 1
restrain sense 1
1 The patterns are designed to help guide the design process, not to constrain it in any way.
设计这些模式的目的是帮助指导设计过程,而不是以任何方式来限制它。
2 We have been for months constrained in scenes of prodigious sickness and desolation; we cannot but feel gratitude that we exchange these sad prospects for new views.
3 Intriguingly, the other mothers who hover over this Algonquin round table were similarly constrained.
4 I would say its challenges are its epic quality, its characterization, its hell-to-heaven aspects and its extreme, hyper-Romantic declamation, without which it just sounds constrained.”
5 They were ranked by sixes, though, and so were constrained in their firing, only a few able to present at once; and the causeway afforded no cover.
6 Their growth seemed further constrained by the fact that they could never match their opponents’ enticing promises of government largess because their wealthy backers steadfastly refused to pay higher taxes.
7 The action in every Wes Anderson movie seems constricted and constrained for one simple reason: Every Wes Anderson movie looks as if it's been filmed inside a dollhouse.
8 “Traditional masculinity ideology has been shown to limit males’ psychological development, constrain their behavior, result in gender role strain and gender role conflict and negatively influence mental health and physical health,” the APA report warns.
9 And the lack of safety cannot help but constrain your sense of the galaxy.
10 The third novel in the cycle begun with "Gilead" and "Home," Robinson's new book returns to Iowa pastor John Ames and his wife, Lila, to trace the incomprehensible largeness of even the most constrained lives.
11 But his silence may also have been liberating to Kolhatkar, who was not psychologically constrained by gratitude to her subject for letting her in.
12 Cold weather constrains the plant's growth.
寒冷的天气抑制了植物的生长。
13 Note that policies not only constrain decisions, but may also require decisions to be made.
注意政策不仅约束决策,而且还可能要求要制定的决策。
14 “Technology should extend and expand human relationships, rather than constrain them.”
15 Lumet’s stolid approach had yielded a decent “Long Day’s Journey Into Night,” but here the performances feel outsized, the blocking and camera work constrained.
16 This paper presents an interior trust region method for linear constrained LC ^ 1 convex optimization problems.
摘要本文提出一种解线性约束凸规划的数值方法.
17 Terence Davies’s blithely unconventional biopic glides through Dickinson’s life with poetic compression and musical grace, illuminating both her temperament and the austere, intellectually intense 19th-century New England environment that nurtured and constrained her gifts.
18 A striking example of Bloor’s inability to acknowledge that nature constrains science is to be found on p.
19 Criticism tends to undermine and constrain the artist's creativity.
批评家总是削弱和限制艺术家的创造力。
20 For most women, Dr. Frech argued, the positive relationship between full-time work and health is less about "choices" than about "constrained choices."
1 克制
discipline constraint restraint forbearance control check contain fight govern squash withhold restrain abstain subdue repress desist mortify forbear keep a lid on
2 压制
grinding tyrannical heavy-handed inhibiting tyrannous interdictory repressively force oppression coercion repressiveness terrorization throttlehold sit domineer tyrannize throttle tame smother oppress coerce overrule bate with an iron hand with a heavy hand keep under control keep under sit upon ride over
3 严格限制
5 抑制
stay brake constraint curb restraint suppression inhibition containment strangulation countercheck control hold check contain fight pocket arrest govern dam swallow suppress squash choke inhibit withhold restrain leash baffle stifle depress quench smother subdue strangle repress quell constrict mortify put a damper on bottle up baffling repressive coercive suppressive back wrap lid damp oppression repression bridle disincentive continence kibosh arrestation keep refrain bit stop rule press command trap sink possess spare spike cushion tutor conquer temper deter tame detain hamper rein repel crucify opiate gulp coerce snub halter muffle fetter vanquish chasten bate strangulate embar keep in check bring under set a bridle on cast a damper on bring under control keep under fight down gear down hold in get under low-key restraining inhibitory suppressed low-keyed restrainedly downhold discipline denial forbearance arrestment holddown subdual help master clip cork forbear keep in order keep under control keep a check on in line
6 压迫
grinding oppressive weight pressure push stress screw compression oppression bear downpress peise squeeze crush grind yoke oppress tread on the neck of grind the faces of
7 拘束
9 阻止
preventive deterrent prohibitive arrest detention stoppage discouragement refrain help head stop stay bar stem prohibit hedge foil discourage ward choke inhibit clog detain restrain baffle preclude avert balk trig forestall debar nip hold in check shut down on
10 束缚
tied tie Chain constraint yoke tentacle shackle bondage duress stricture fetter trammel crib crimp enchain entrammel hog-tie tie down astriction band bond restriction cord binding slavery restraint cramp leash imprison captivity bridle noose thrall stranglehold manacle thralldom thraldom ring-fence hamshackle astringe enfetter engage chain bind curb restrain tether pinion halter swaddle astrict strait-waistcoat hamper limbo hobble hedge tie by the leg bind down hold in leash
12 紧张
electric tight electrical intense tense hectic strenuous strained taut corded high-pitched pumped high-strung sulphurous agonistic stress stretch electricity strain tension intension turgor stretchability tonus tensity swell string thrill brace fray buck fever
14 勉强
hesitation reluctance hesitate only just after a fashion by the skin of teeth after a sort slow conventional bare reluctant strained grudging hardly disinclination semi- with good grace
16 监禁
jail duress durance chokey commit confine restrain imprison incarcerate immure mure custody ward detention restraint confinement porridge coop mew hold prison retention rap bondage poundage duresse encage pen jug brig slough gaol pinfold steek
18 关押
prison custody durance chokey PEN confine imprison incarcerate constraint confinement porridge restrain
19 迫使
pressure compel oblige coerce drive force reduce bounce flog make move exact bind impose enforce propel bludgeon impel steamroller bend to corner whip railroad put distress hustle necessitate hale bullock necessitation arm-twist send thrust provoke compel to force to oblige to
23 牵制
25 限制
tied control limit bar limitation restriction qualification constraint bound restraint constipation leash inhibition crimp corset stricture trammel bourn tie bit CAP restrict hedge confine damp hem restrain crib shackle curtail constrict fetter circumscribe kraal entrammel tie down curtailment curb cramp hem in bottle up controlled selectional squelch tie down to doing tie down to to doing hold down choke off limiting confines trammels contain hamper imprison infringe box in keep to
26 约束
tied Chain commitment restriction obligation constraint curb constipation leash rein tentacle stricture trammel tie commit CAP bind restrict obligate repress bridle constrict circumscribe tie down restrictive band bond brake cord bound restraint cramp manacle zariba bit bottle regulate inhibit restrain tutor hold in control check chain sanction straitjacket hem in box in promise engagement preengage school engage confine astrict
27 强制
mandatory compulsory obligatory coercive peremptory compulsion forced imperative shotgun steamroller compulsorily coaction pressure logic duress forcing perforce enforcedly duresse force exact strain enforce obligate enslave coerce high-pressure forcing pump coercionary enforced forcible coactive forcibly authoritatively imperatively coercively muscle enforcement coercion by the edge of the sword
29 强迫
compulsion duress enforce compel dragoon put the screws on put the arm on forced enforcement constraint arm-twisting force pressure muscle oblige hustle Shanghai press-gang compulsory compulsive high-pressure sardonic stick stress coercion press strain bull necessitate sandbag bludgeon mandatory forcible railroad coerce squeeze forceful enforced constrained make exact bulldoze shanghai put pressure on to do put pressure on twist arm push sling pressurize strong-arm trammel necessary coercive forcing compulsorily enforcedly coaction duresse drive urge obligate obtrude obsessive-compulsive insistence insist crowd impress shotgun hale bullock gar by perforce coactive compulsively forcedly impel compel to force to by force oblige to