英:[bɔːk]
美:[bɔːk]
英:[bɔːk]
美:[bɔːk]
复数:balks
第三人称单数:balks
现在分词:balking
过去式:balked
过去分词:balked
balkingly (adv.), balker (n.)
词根:balk
adj.balky 停蹄不前的;倔强的;不愿干的
n.balking [电] 阻行;慢行
verb
intransitive verb
to refuse abruptly—used with at
Congress balked at putting up the money—Thomas Fleming
to stop short and refuse to proceed
The horse balked at the jump and threw the rider.
sports to commit a balk (see balk entry 2 sense 1)
transitive verb
to check or stop by or as if by an obstacle : block
… had neither been balked nor been frightened …—Francis Hackett
archaic to pass over or by
… such an age as ours balks no expense …—William Cowper
noun
baseball an occurrence in which a pitcher stops suddenly or makes an illegal movement after starting to throw a pitch
The pitcher was charged with a balk.
sports failure of a competitor to complete a motion (such as a jump, vault, or dive)
the space behind the balkline on a billiard table
any of the outside divisions made by the balklines
hindrance, check
beam, rafter
a ridge of land left unplowed as a dividing line or through carelessness
balk at回避,畏缩
“also baulk,中古英语 balke,源自古英语 balca “山脊,河岸”,受古挪威语 balkr “土地山脊”的影响,尤指两个犁沟之间的山脊,两者均源自原始日耳曼语 *balkon-(源头还包括古撒克逊语 balko,丹麦语 bjelke,古弗里西亚语 balka,古高地德语 balcho,德语 Balken “梁,椽”),源自 PIE 词根 *bhelg- “梁,木板”(源头还包括拉丁语 fulcire “支撑,支持”, fulcrum “床柱”; 立陶宛语 balžiena “横杆”; 可能还包括希腊语 phalanx “树干,原木,战斗队形”)。 意大利语 balco “梁”源自日耳曼语(参见 balcony)。
在旧用法中,特别是“田地中未犁过的条带,通常沿着并标志着边界。”现代意义是比喻,代表障碍或阻碍(参见 balk(v.)),或者“犁过时错过的一块”意为“错误,失败。”因此,在棒球中,“投手做出投球动作,但没有投球”的动作,可追溯至1845年,可能源自犁田的意义。
投手犯规
投接手犯规
Verb Middle English balkyn "to leave an unplowed ridge between furrows, omit, neglect," verbal derivative of balk, balke "strip of unplowed land between fields" — more at balk >entry 2 Noun Middle English balk, balke, bauke "squared beam of wood, beam of a balance from which pans hang, strip of unplowed land between fields, ridge between furrows left unplowed," going back to Old English balca "strip of unplowed land between fields, ridge between furrows left unplowed," going back to Germanic *balkōn (masculine n-stem) "beam," (whence also Old Frisian balka "beam," Old Saxon balko, Old High German balko, balcho "beam, winepress, gangway on a ship"; with differing ablaut and/or inflection Old English bolca "deck, gangway on a ship," Old High German bolkun [plural] "passageway on a ship," Old Icelandic bǫlkr, balkr "partition, section," bjalki "beam"), going back to dialectal Indo-European *bholǵ- or *bholǵh-, whence also regional Russian bólozno "thick board," Slovene blazína "load-bearing beam in a roof or threshing floor," Lithuanian balžíena "flexible crosspiece for securing the back support on a sled" Note: G. Kroonen prefers *bholǵh- to *bholǵ- because a plain voiced stop should have triggered lengthening and acute accent in Balto-Slavic ("Winter's Law"). Aspirated *bholǵh-, however, would result in a voiced rather than voiceless stop in Germanic, a problem that Kroonen circumvents by assuming that -k- in *balkan- reflects a voiceless geminate stop produced by assimilation of a voiced stop and a following *n ("Kluge's Law")—hence an original genitive form *bhl̥ǵh-n-ós would result in *bulkkaz. (See Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic [Leiden, 2013] s.v. *belkan- and The Proto-Germanic N-Stems [Amsterdam/New York, 2011], pp. 148-49.) — A variety of other formations have been assigned to this Indo-European base: 1) Latin sufflāmen "bar used for braking wheeled vehicles," allegedly from *sub-flăg-men, in the notation of A.L. Lloyd et al., Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Althochdeutschen (vol. 1, p. 442), *-bhlьg-mn̥ or *-bhlьg-smn̥. But a deverbal derivation is suggested by the prefix, and -men derivatives in Latin are almost without exception formed from verbs. 2) Greek phalang-, phálanx "log, roller placed under loads or a ship, spar, row, rank, body of troops drawn up in ranks" (see phalanx). Earlier literature uniformly assigns this word to *bhl̥ǵ- "beam," with the addition of a laryngeal that drops elsewhere and a "secondary" nasal consonant—hence *bhol-ə2-g- in Chantraine's notation. R. Beekes, however, regards all -ang-/-ing-/-yng- derivatives, most etymologically opaque, as of pre-Greek substratal origin (Etymological Dictionary of Greek, Brill, 2010); see also note at pharynx.
The first known use of balk was before the 12th century
ballast1 of 2noun
heavy material used especially to make a ship steady or to control the rising of a balloon
gravel or broken stone laid in a foundation for a railroad or used in making concrete
ballast2 of 2verb
to provide with ballast
ballast1 of 2noun
heavy material used especially to make a ship steady or to control the rising of a balloon
gravel or broken stone laid in a foundation for a railroad or used in making concrete
ballast2 of 2verb
to provide with ballast
balladnoun
a poem that tells a story of adventure, of romance, or of a hero, that is suitable for singing, and that usually has stanzas of four lines with a rhyme on the second and fourth lines
a simple song
a usually slow or sentimental popular song
balladnoun
a poem that tells a story of adventure, of romance, or of a hero, that is suitable for singing, and that usually has stanzas of four lines with a rhyme on the second and fourth lines
a simple song
a usually slow or sentimental popular song
balkyadjective
likely to refuse to act or function as directed or expected a balky engine
a balky mule
balk1 of 2noun
something that prevents movement or action
an illegal motion of a baseball pitcher while in position to pitch with a runner on base
balk2 of 2verb
to check or stop by or as if by something in the way : block
to stop and refuse to go
the horse balked
to make a balk in baseball
balk1 of 2noun
something that prevents movement or action
an illegal motion of a baseball pitcher while in position to pitch with a runner on base
balk2 of 2verb
to check or stop by or as if by something in the way : block
to stop and refuse to go
the horse balked
to make a balk in baseball
balk1 of 2noun
something that prevents movement or action
an illegal motion of a baseball pitcher while in position to pitch with a runner on base
balk2 of 2verb
to check or stop by or as if by something in the way : block
to stop and refuse to go
the horse balked
to make a balk in baseball
1 He shored up the wall with a thick balk of wood.
他用一根粗大的木头把墙撑住.
2 Make not a balk of good ground.
良机莫失.
3 When I about giving up unnecessary shopping or clothes or shoes, many people balk.
当我谈论放弃不必要的购物或衣服或鞋子, 很多人犹豫不前.
4 A few will balk. They don't want the responsibility of figuring out a fee. They don't want the anguish. That's okay. Give them a quote.
有一些会犹豫。他们不想承担计算费用的责任。他们不想为此而苦恼。那就这样吧,给他们一个报价。
5 The horse balked and would not jump the fence.
6 Thought and feeling were balked in him; there was something he was trying to tell himself, desperately, but could not.
7 Have you ever worked with a therapist, or would you balk at that?
你和治疗师工作过吗?你回避他们 吗 ?
8 But when he asked the FBI if he could put her onto the case, the FBI balked.
9 He’d need a very specialized team, a desperate team that wouldn’t balk at the real possibility that they’d never come back from this job.
10 People may balk at the sight of a sea of wind turbines.
面对一大片涡轮机海洋,人们可能会感觉不那么舒服.
11 Anecdotal evidence suggests that, in some quarters at least, exporters are starting to balk and seeking to raise their own prices.
坊间证据显示,至少在某些领域,出口商已经开始犹豫不前,希望提高自己产品的价格。
12 The Greens themselves might balk, perhaps preferring a “Jamaica” coalition with the CDU and FDP instead.
但绿党自身可能犹豫不前,或许更期望与基民盟和自民党结成黄绿联盟。
13 And as usual, those in the audience who balk at showboating can simply close their eyes.
和往常一样, 这些坐在包厢里的观众只需闭上他们的眼睛享受即可.
14 Many of you might balk at the Home Depot idea, but hear me out.
你们中的大多数可能面对家庭工厂的主意逡巡不前,但是听我的。
15 People who think nothing of entering passwords balk at the idea of having their eyeballs scanned.
那些把输入口令不当作一码事的人会排斥对其眼球进行扫描的想法.
16 Many people balk at this danger.
许多人看到这种危险便畏惧不前.
17 If the queen should bolt or balk, the three hags would drag her back inside, and this time they would see to it that she never left her cell.
18 Even biology undergraduates may balk at animal experiments...
面对动物实验,哪怕是生物专业的大学生也会畏缩。
19 The head seamstress balked, looking from Mom to us.
20 The runner on third base tried to make the pitcher balk.
1 失望
sorry disappointed despondent crestfallen disappointment despair jolt bummer letdown anticlimax discomfiture desert spite frustrate mock disappoint belie disgruntle evil sick desperately sell suck regret frustration dismay slough comedown bringdown burn fail discomfort delude heave up a smack in the eye
2 挫折
reverse disappointment setback bummer brush-off cross dash disappoint baffle blight shear off check defeat knock breakdown frustration discourage crossing rebuff checkmate disconcert flivver break slump shipwreck shake crush nip backset
3 埂
4 使受挫
5 停止
terminational stationary suspended stopped run-down up off stop stand rest stick failure arrest suspension stall cessation moratorium truce standstill discontinuation interdiction tie-up discontinuance holdback letup break cut pass drop fail cease discontinue desist surcease tacet still kill quit interdict napoo be through with halt up lay off it put a period to make a pause bring to a stop put the stoppers on make an end of call a halt throw hand in throw in hand chuck it fall into abeyance put an end to give me a break come to a stop
6 逃避
elusive evasive escape avoidance evasion escapade runaround elusion flee evade avoid fly soldier duck stall elude shunt shirk
8 急止
9 阻止
preventive deterrent prohibitive arrest detention stoppage discouragement refrain help head stop stay bar stem prohibit hedge foil discourage ward choke inhibit clog detain restrain constrain baffle preclude avert trig forestall debar nip hold in check shut down on interceptive dissuasive interdictory check prevention inhibition deterrence retardation preclusion arrestment kybosh interrupt keep block prevent spike frustrate forbid hinder deter retard repress dissuade foreclose hobble rebuff forfend prohibit from
11 横梁
ridgetree rib filler traverse sleeper girth stringer crossbeam ridgepole trave crossrail stringpiece beam timber truss
12 过失
wrong trip mistake mess slip blame fault stumble negligence glitch lapse aberration delinquency frailty gaffe demerit culpa flub civil occasion
14 田埂
16 犹豫
hesitant lingering halting veering hesitating hesitatingly hesitation oscillation hesitancy vacillation shilly-shally hang weaken stagger waver oscillate dither scruple swither
17 失败
lost unsuccessful losing failing abortive suck-in break loss miss fail failure crash defeat reverse slip breakdown frustration abortion stumble bust crab frost rot beating overthrow miscarriage bummer dud mull muff fizzle worse checkmate bloomer flunk flummox brodie flivver smashup lose founder collapse stray slump abort shipwreck miscarry trip destroy dash frustrate cave-in slipup honk out frustrated bankrupt stillborn ballup hip header fade turkey bankruptcy flap setback flop strikeout fluff meltdown gaffe butch barney fungo cruller schmear cockup lay-down lash-up unsuccess balls-up stumer fliv default cook funk flub damn stiff blob counteract pip confound throw a wrench into lose the day come to the ground die on feet one in the eye clutch the gummy lay a bomb put the skids on come unstuck go bust come apart at the seams go bung fall on face miss fire blow it fall to the ground draw blank have the worst drag anchor
18 阻碍
block suppression impediment intervene stonewall hog-tie inhibit hamper impede obstruct strangle retard stymie keep away foul obstructive prohibitive stop cross drag rub obstacle interference inconvenience obstruction barricade hindrance holdback brush-off hinder bar prevent prohibit hedge frustrate snag handicap shackle crimp contravene hobble cumber cross up put a crimp in retardative impedimental impedimentary interruptive obstruent retardatory back barricado stimy let prevention rubber crossing rejection clog traverse setback nip embargo retardation rebuff encumbrance remora counterwork resist poison discourage stunt lumber stump baffle counteract bottleneck embarrass constrict encumber moving of the waters interfering check barrier hitch roadblock albatross contretemps determent interfere hogtie be in the way under feet put a spanner in the works in the road stumbling block under foot sticking point
19 畏缩不前
21 障碍
let bar block jump difficulty barrier rub obstacle dam objection hurdle drawback traverse obstruction mar snag hitch handicap bunker blockage crimp hindrance obstructive rasp embarras hang-up pull-back stay stick disorder drag penalty reef hedge affection lesion disturbance foe embarrassment bottleneck bandit roadblock barricade impediment stinger pullback hobble discouragement stranglehold bafflement wall disability fault blight disincentive trammel remora choke point
22 波克
23 错误
bad wrong false incorrect improper inaccurate erroneous mistaken errant wry peccant awry break error mistake mess slip blob fluff fallacy inaccuracy misstep muff illiteracy flub incorrectness inadvertence erratum lapsus fail falsehood slipup mis-
26 回避
sideways evasive wriggly escape avoidance evasion go-around runaround shrink skirt shy dodge evade fudge shun delude parry blench skirt around give the cold shoulder to slide over
27 规避
abdicant evasively elusively evasion cop-out elusion tergiversation duck dodge sidestep goldbrick tergiversate bypass evade shun shirk bug out
28 妨碍
impedimental impedimentary cloggy check stop stay brake intervention prevention interference objection drawback obstruction intrusion impediment retard encumbrance cumber prevent interfere obstruct filibuster keep head break block cross mess resist oppose violate blanket interrupt hedge spite spoil disturb hinder clog snag handicap hamper impede embarrass blockade shackle crimp pip foreclose encumber incommode feeze entrammel overslaugh holdback holding preventive obstructive bar resistance barrier opposition obstacle resistant disturbance nuisance trespass roadblock embargo retardation pester molestation bafflement trammel remora trap trash forbid choke traverse mar scotch nick thwart penalize molest hobble snooker stymie heckle occlude interdict stonewall embar make against put a crimp in lay an embargo on in the way under foot interceptive impeditive deterrent interruption intercept setback hindrance holdup intervene legislate interlope let arrest prohibit Jam spike inhibit deter preclude disconcert countercheck get in way meddle with lie in the way put a spanner in the works throw a monkey wrench into in between in the way of get in the way stand between
29 逡巡不前
30 使受挫折
34 使失望
disappointment desert spite frustrate mock disappoint belie disgruntle fail discomfort dismay delude
35 搞坏