英:[ˌiːvəˈluːʃn , ˌevəˈluːʃn]
美:[ˌevəˈluːʃn]
英:[ˌiːvəˈluːʃn , ˌevəˈluːʃn]
美:[ˌevəˈluːʃn]
e·vo·lu·tion
e v lu shn
复数:evolutions
evolutional (adj.), evolutionally (adv.)
词根:evolve
adj.evolutionary 进化的;发展的;渐进的
evolutionism 进化论的
evolutionist 进化论的
n.evolutionism [进化] 进化论
evolutionist 进化论者
vi.evolve 发展,进展;进化;逐步形成
vt.evolve 发展,进化;进化;使逐步形成;推断出
noun
descent with modification from preexisting species : cumulative inherited change in a population of organisms through time leading to the appearance of new forms : the process by which new species or populations of living things develop from preexisting forms through successive generationsalso: the scientific theory explaining the appearance of new species and varieties through the action of various biological mechanisms (such as natural selection, genetic mutation or drift, and hybridization) Since 1950, developments in molecular biology have had a growing influence on the theory of evolution. —Nature In Darwinian evolution, the basic mechanism is genetic mutation, followed by selection of the organisms most likely to survive. —Pamela Weintraub
Evolution is a process of continuous branching and diversification from common trunks. This pattern of irreversible separation gives life's history its basic directionality.—Stephen Jay Gould
the historical development of a biological group (such as a species) : phylogeny
a process of change in a certain direction : unfolding
the action or an instance of forming and giving something off : emission
a process of continuous change from a lower, simpler, or worse to a higher, more complex, or better state : growth
something evolved
the process of working out or developing
the extraction of a mathematical root
a process in which the whole universe is a progression of interrelated phenomena
one of a set of prescribed movements
theory of evolution进化学说,进化论
evolution theory进化论
peaceful evolution和平演变
social evolution社会演化,社会进化
gas evolution气体逸出;天然气逸出;气体析出
cultural evolution文化进化;文化演进;文化演化
organic evolution生物进化
industry evolution产业演变
parallel evolution平行进化,平行演化
evolution of market市场演变
convergent evolution[生]趋同进化
这组词都有“发展”的意思,其区别是:
development强调通过一系列自然过程或人工方法使某物潜在或隐藏的可能性显露出来,得以实现。
evolution侧重指事物由简到繁,由低级到高级的连续发展,强调变化或演变。
以上来源于网络
1620年代,“展开被卷起的东西的开口”,源自拉丁语 evolutionem(主格 evolutio)“(书籍的)展开”,是 evolvere 的动作名词,意为“展开”(参见 evolve)。
在医学、数学和一般写作中,以各种含义使用,包括“个体生物的成长和发展到成熟”(1660年代)。现代生物学中,物种的演化首次出现在苏格兰地质学家查尔斯·莱尔(Charles Lyell)的著作中,时间为1832年。查尔斯·达尔文(Charles Darwin)只在《物种起源》(1859年)的结束段落中使用了这个词一次,并更喜欢 descent with modification,部分原因是 evolution 已经在被废弃的18世纪胚胎发育的“小人”理论中使用过(这个名字最早由邦内特(Bonnet)在1762年提出),部分原因是因为它带有“进步”的意义,而达尔文的思想中并没有这种意义。但是,维多利亚时代的进步信仰占了上风(以及简洁的优势),达尔文之后的赫伯特·斯宾塞(Herbert Spencer)和其他生物学家普及了 evolution。
进化
进展
展开
规定动作
进化
展开
进化,演化:器官或机体因其各部分化而变得越来越复杂的演化过程
遵循某些规律、依靠本身力量的一种连续性、进行性变化
先成说,预成说:参见devolution
进化
演化
进化
生物的演化过程。生物与其生存环境相互作用,其遗传结构发生改变,并产生相应的表型。
进化
又称“演化”。 在选择压力下,生物群体的遗传组成随时间而发生优胜劣汰的改变,并导致相应的表型的改变。在大多数情况下,这种改变使生物适应其生存环境。
borrowed from New Latin ēvolūtiōn-, ēvolūtiō "unfolding of a curve (in geometry), emergence from an enclosing structure, historical development," going back to Medieval Latin, "unfolding of a tale, lapse of time," going back to Latin, "unrolling of a papyrus scroll while reading it," from ēvolū-, variant stem of ēvolvere "to roll out or away, unwind, unroll" + -tiōn-, -tiō, suffix of verbal action — more at evolve
The first known use of evolution was in 1616
evolveverb
to develop or work out from something else evolved a safer design from the old one
evolved a new plan
to produce by a process of evolution
to change by a process of evolution
evolveverb
to develop or work out from something else evolved a safer design from the old one
evolved a new plan
to produce by a process of evolution
to change by a process of evolution
evolutionnoun
a process of change in a certain directionespecially: a process of constant change from a lower or simple state to a higher or complex state : growth
something evolved
the process of working out or developing
the process by which new species or populations of living things develop from preexisting forms through successive generations
the scientific theory explaining the appearance of new species and varieties through the action of various biological mechanisms (as natural selection or genetic mutation)
evolutionnoun
a process of change in a certain directionespecially: a process of constant change from a lower or simple state to a higher or complex state : growth
something evolved
the process of working out or developing
the process by which new species or populations of living things develop from preexisting forms through successive generations
the scientific theory explaining the appearance of new species and varieties through the action of various biological mechanisms (as natural selection or genetic mutation)
evolutionnoun
a process of change in a certain directionespecially: a process of constant change from a lower or simple state to a higher or complex state : growth
something evolved
the process of working out or developing
the process by which new species or populations of living things develop from preexisting forms through successive generations
the scientific theory explaining the appearance of new species and varieties through the action of various biological mechanisms (as natural selection or genetic mutation)
evolutionnoun
a process of change in a certain directionespecially: a process of constant change from a lower or simple state to a higher or complex state : growth
something evolved
the process of working out or developing
the process by which new species or populations of living things develop from preexisting forms through successive generations
the scientific theory explaining the appearance of new species and varieties through the action of various biological mechanisms (as natural selection or genetic mutation)
evolutionnoun
a process of change in a certain directionespecially: a process of constant change from a lower or simple state to a higher or complex state : growth
something evolved
the process of working out or developing
the process by which new species or populations of living things develop from preexisting forms through successive generations
the scientific theory explaining the appearance of new species and varieties through the action of various biological mechanisms (as natural selection or genetic mutation)
evolutionnoun
a process of change in a certain direction
tumor evolution and progression—I. J. Fidler et al.
descent with modification from preexisting species : cumulative inherited change in a population of organisms through time leading to the appearance of new forms : the process by which new species or populations of living things develop from preexisting forms through successive generationsalso: the scientific theory explaining the appearance of new species and varieties through the action of various biological mechanisms (as natural selection, genetic mutation or drift, and hybridization)
Since 1950, developments in molecular biology have had a growing influence on the theory of evolution. —Nature
the historical development of a biological group (as a race or species) : phylogeny
1 Those who think that modern science derives from the empirical experimental enquiries of craftsmen and artisans need to account for the extraordinarily slow evolution of water-wheel technology prior to the introduction of Smeaton’s scientific method.
2 Any form of scientific dissent to his theories—especially any belief in Mendelian genetics or Darwinian evolution—was outlawed in the Soviet Union.
3 Directed evolution of enzyme and whole cell is an efficient method for developing their biocatalytical capability.
酶和完整细胞的定向进化是一种提高它们催化性能的有效方法.
4 And almost 150 years later, Charles Darwin used his own extensive collections from his voyage aboard the HMS Beagle to verify his ideas about evolution.
5 This is the basic problem of evolution.
这是进化的基本问题。
6 “Through investigating Tua’s secrets,” he said, referring to his pet by name, “humans will learn the key to longevity and better understand the evolution of life on earth.”
7 You couldn’t have change without evolution and some people would get hurt and become extinct in the process because they couldn’t adapt.
8 But I was in my own, separate element, too, submerged in rare sensations, pushing evolution’s envelope.
9 In June 1858, Wallace sent Darwin a tentative draft of his paper outlining his general theory of evolution by natural selection.
10 At meantime, two kinds of comparisons have explained the characters and evolution of the slavery clearly.
同时, 两种比较更清楚地说明了秦汉奴婢制度的特征及其演变历史.
11 The foodstuff environment has changed in a short time, but evolution has not, and there's a real mismatch now.
食品环境在短时间内就能改变,但是进化不能,于是就有了错位。
12 And yet it is that improbable event, a small beneficial mutation in a nucleotide a ten-millionth of a centimeter across, that makes evolution go.
13 Each fossilized plant was identified, and there was also a chart showing the evolution of plants from the dinosaurs to the present day.
14 Their confinement to Africa, along with abundant fossil evidence, indicates that the earliest stages of human evolution were also played out in Africa.
15 If Zoe is me but older, then this woman is the next evolution of us.
16 In the summer of 1844, while Charles Darwin was writing his first essay on evolution, Galton left England to travel to Egypt and Sudan—the first of many trips he would take to Africa.
17 The paths and lawns were turned to muck with exercises and evolutions.
18 Sam was no help—he was fond of his birthplace and an advocate of South Carolina’s evolution on matters of race.
19 If true, that finding would suggest parallel evolution and multiregional origins of modern humans, rather than origins in a single Garden of Eden.
20 It didn’t matter if you knew about evolution or not—it worked anyway.
1 展开
open splay outspread divaricate expansion dawn spread evolve unfold unwind unfurl unroll display float widen unwrap uncoil bring into uncurl unreel unswathe outreach outstretch untuck develop break expand stretch deploy unspool open out extended expanded overt evolute patulous development expanse extend mantle develope undouble stream sheet unknit working-out set going widespread expansive diffuse outstretched unfolded blossom dispread disspread wind disclose flare
4 发出
emission outflow emanation issue spring flow proceed breathe radiate emanate give place emit transpire heave
7 演进
8 进化
evolutionary evolutive evolvement evolve anagenesis civilization developmental evolutionist development progress develop develope evolute
10 进展
course gain movement advance progress progression advancement crescendo fare do go move roll March step development swing march stride going headway come develop shape make headway
11 旋转
circumrotatory atwirl gyroidal rolling revolutionary rotary revolving rotational gyratory rotative aswirl vortical strobic circumgyration turn round wheel spin swing revolution rotation turning whirl twirl merry-go-round gyration whirligig slue tirl circumgyrate screw rotate revolve swivel eddy gyrate -trope contorted vertiginous whirly rotatory gyral gyr- whirlabout roll twist reel traverse swirl rev trundle wheeling circumvolution gyre circumrotate work run pivot trill circumvolve circle birl
12 运转
engaged locomotive service play run performance operation movement behavior running working locomotion go functionate work move function perform trip operate roll engage behave drive commission operationalize
19 发生
genetic spermatic up nascency spring rise generation creation evolve occurrence incidence emergence genesis germination nascence bechance be do go come give start become happen fall develop break pass occur shape arrive cook arise stem proceed crop emerge originate germ accrue germinate transpire befall eventuate betide redound develope pullulate work take cause generate breed hatch fetch engender
21 释放
release discharge Ransom deliverance disengagement ex- free deliver evolve loose unleash liberate disengage unbind unhand unchain unloose
22 发展的
23 个体发生
24 发展
organic developmental development career growth movement generation progress expansion sweep March stature upgrowth move grow shape frame expand evolve unfold develope develop germinate evolutionary advance twist derivation form open out go along progressive spread open round shoot amplify developing formative progression advancement outgrowth efflorescence build carry grow up come along work out shape up pan out stride arise come on open up bring on extension march forge blossom move along genetic evolutive step ongoing discovery break burgeon cultivate explicate plasto- -plasia history growing upswing come groove dawn pullulate incubate
25 进化的
26 放出
effluent issue play shoot disembogue pay evolve loose discharge void emit unload uncork effuse release rendering liberation extrication effluence voidance let render vent bleed liberate exhale extricate uncage desorb ejaculatory delivery emission ejection effusion tap slip unlock expire expel hurl veer excrete twang give forth
27 开方
28 系统发育