英:[ˈrʌfli]
美:[ˈrʌfli]
英:[ˈrʌfli]
美:[ˈrʌfli]
rough·ly
ruhf li
词根:rough
adj.rough 粗糙的;粗略的;粗野的;艰苦的;未经加工的
roughish 略粗糙的;略粗暴的;有点刺耳的;略有风浪的
adv.rough 粗糙地;粗略地;粗暴地
n.rough 艰苦;高低不平的地面;未经加工的材料;粗糙的部分
roughness 粗糙(度);粗暴;猛烈;篷乱毛发;未加工
roughage 粗饲料;粗粮;粗糙的原料
vi.rough 举止粗野
roughen 变粗糙
vt.rough 使粗糙;粗暴对待;草拟
roughen 使粗糙
Adverb
1. (of quantities) imprecise but fairly close to correct;
"lasted approximately an hour"
"in just about a minute"
"he's about 30 years old"
"I've had about all I can stand"
"we meet about once a month"
"some forty people came"
"weighs around a hundred pounds"
"roughly $3,000"
"holds 3 gallons, more or less"
"20 or so people were at the party"
2. with roughness or violence (`rough' is an informal variant for `roughly');
"he was pushed roughly aside"
"they treated him rough"
3. with rough motion as over a rough surface;
"ride rough"
这组词都有“大约,差不多”的意思,其区别是:
almost指在程度上相差很小,差不多。
approximately多用于书面语,指精确度接近某个标准以致误差可忽略不计。
about常可分almost和nearly换用,但about用于表示时间、数量的“大约”时,实际数量可能多也可能少。
nearly与almost含义基本相同,侧重指数量、时间或空间上的接近。
roughly指按精略估计,常代替about。
around多用于非正式场合,常见于美国英语。
以上来源于网络
约于1300年, roughlie,意为“粗暴地,猛烈地”,源自 rough(形容词)和 -ly(2)。因此,“不太注意或不太熟练地,以粗鲁或不完美的方式”,约于1600年; “大约,没有精确或准确的意思”始于1841年。
The first known use of roughly was in the 14th century
1 His hands are tied behind him with roughly woven rope cutting through the flesh of his wrists.
2 He felt that Dobby deserved just as grand a funeral, and yet here the elf lay between bushes in a roughly dug hole.
3 They all left at roughly the same time.
他们都是大约同一时间离开的。
4 The solenoid kicked in immediately; the engine stuttered once and then began to idle roughly, rattling frantically beneath the floorboards.
5 Sam put the cat out of the door roughly.
萨姆粗暴地把猫赶出门外.
6 A standard motif in science fiction and UFO literature assumes extraterrestrials roughly as capable as we.
7 Again , roughly speaking we associate the ex ante perspective with policy and welfare.
大致上,我们把事后视角与政策和福利联系在一起.
8 If the Replacement Theory is correct, all living humans have roughly the same genetic baggage, and racial distinctions among them are negligible.
9 Eads discovered that workers began experiencing the bends at sixty feet below ground, roughly half the depth to which a Chicago caisson would have to descend.
10 His hands were rough and calloused, from years of karate practice...
由于多年练习空手道,他的双手粗糙不平,布满老茧。
11 Even where I hid nearly thirty feet away the wind was so strong that I was forced to take a step forward, as if I’d been pushed roughly from behind.
12 The speaker was roughly handled by the mob.
演说者受到暴民的粗暴对待。
13 The scar lines were parallel, all roughly the same length.
14 Marco’s back slams against the ground as though he has been roughly pushed, leaving him coughing both from the impact and the cloud of black ash surrounding him.
15 Arithmetic suggests that if England had been the size of the Triple Alliance, it would have executed, on average, about 7,500 people per year, roughly twice the number Cortes estimated for the empire.
16 Roughly translated, it means “hurry up!”.
17 It looked as if someone had cut a patch out of the air, about two yards from the edge of the road, a patch roughly square in shape and less than a yard across.
18 The red blood cells of people of European descent look roughly globular.
19 Sitting in the number three seat, Joe Rantz was parallel with roughly the six or seven seat in the California boat; in the seven seat, Roger Morris was parallel with nothing but open water.
20 The lawyer ascertained that a policeman had indeed delt roughly with foreigners on several occasions.
那位律师查明有个警察的确在好几个场合中粗暴地对待了外国人.
1 粗鲁地
rough rudely brusquely saucily boorishly surlily short without a by your leave without so much as a by your leave
5 粗鲁
rough harsh ignorant sultry impolite snotty uncouth gauche immodest coarse-grained discourteous ungentle uncourteous unhandsome clodhopping cloddish chuffy rudely brusquely saucily boorishly surlily roughness rudeness coarseness incivility surliness crudeness brusqueness boorishness sauciness brusquerie robust crude rude abrasive abrupt insolent impudent boorish impertinent uncivil unceremonious graceless oafish mouth indecency impudence asperity rugged rustic coarse hairy brash boisterous saucy disagreeable barbarous unpolished nervy brusque rough-hewn indelicate ungentlemanly unmannerly unchivalrous uncourtly underbred short sauce discourtesy choice fresh gross vulgar sassy rough-and-ready ill-bred crudity without a by your leave without so much as a by your leave unnecessary colourful heavy-handed uncivilized ill-tempered loutish ill-mannered lumpen indecorous jungli insolence
6 严厉
tough severe strict harsh stiff stern stringent uncompromising repressive austere heavy-handed scorching dour uncharitable heavily severely harshly soundly roundly sternly dourly scathingly austerely severity austerity toughness harshness stringency asperity grimness sternness
7 大约
some about say like along somewhere thereby thereabout circiter around round circa in the ballpark back-of-the-envelope approximative ratherish ablings ablins SO approximately approximatively thereaway ballpark figure there or thereabout a matter of on the order of in the vicinity of somewhere around in the neighborhood of of the order of in the order of approximate thereabouts C in the neighbourhood of or two just about more or less in rough in the region of along about so maybe near just on c approx odd plus-minus or or so somewhere between plus or minus as near as round about
9 简单
cut and dried simple plain straightforward rude stark bald frugal unsophisticated jejune simply simplicity
10 随便地
11 粗略地
rough liberally passingly in passing sketchily on the back of an envelope in rough freely distantly
12 简单地
13 大致上
14 大体上
mainly substantially broadly in general on the whole by and large in the main in substance broad overall basically essentially
16 简陋地
18 粗糙
squarrose granulative hard rough gross mat humble bush crude rugged Sandy coarse granular jagged lumpy boisterous crass granulated exasperate brushy inelegant tatty blowsy cottony scraggly indelicate scabrous tin-pot unhewn nubbly incondite kutcha granulose knaggy heavy harsh granulation asperity shag impoverish roughen after a sort gnarled coarse-grained coarsely crudely roughness harshness coarseness rustic unfinished earthy unkempt knotty raspy bristly unbolted scragged husk coarsen in the rough in the log raw rude primitive horrid ragged craggy unpolished unworked blockish unwrought horny calloused weather-beaten crudity immature rough-hewn unshaped splintery hackly crassitude
19 粗糙地
20 大约地
21 简陃地
22 粗俗
earth-bred base common kitchen broad loud gross pedestrian coarse earthy glaring vulgar profane barbaric tasteless unrefined raunchy barnyard inelegant boorish graceless indelicate raffish rustical fescennine clumsily ungainly vulgarity raunch vulgarism indelicacy inelegance scurrility vulgarize
24 差不多
near plus-minus some most almost nearly virtually similarly practically nigh well-nigh come close to doing come close to to doing there or thereabouts close to just about pretty much more like all but come close more or less pretty well close on near enough of the order of in the order of in the region of
25 粗暴
Vandemonian tough rough robust brutal rude outrageous brute abrasive forceful bearish crusty rowdy disorderly gruff kick-ass churlish roughneck truculent unchristian ungentle farouche rampageous larrikin chuffy barbarity asperity Gothicism growl by the head and ears wild violent rugged surly rambunctious tameless churlishly roughness churlishness crustiness fellness with gloves off without gloves ill-natured bang rudely curmudgeonly loutish masculine boisterous tyrannical heavy-handed discourteous physical maniacal raucous brutality stern coarse savage abrupt stormy sultry wanton brutish brusque sanguinary yob kickass acerb brazen storminess beastliness brusquerie
28 约略地
29 大致地