英:[kəˈtæstrəfi]
美:[kəˈtæstrəfi]
英:[kəˈtæstrəfi]
美:[kəˈtæstrəfi]
ca·tas·tro·phe
k tae str fi
复数:catastrophes
catastrophic (adj.), catastrophically (adv.)
词根:catastrophe
adj.catastrophic 灾难的;悲惨的
noun
a momentous tragic event ranging from extreme misfortune to utter overthrow or ruin
Deforestation and erosion can lead to an ecological catastrophe.
utter failure : fiasco
the party was a catastrophe
a violent and sudden change in a feature of the earth
a violent usually destructive natural event (such as a supernova)
the final event of the dramatic action especially of a tragedy
catastrophe theory[数]突变理论
catastrophe model激变模型
catastrophe risk巨灾风险;特殊风险
这组词都有“灾难”的意思,其区别是:
disaster普通用词,指大破坏、痛苦或伤亡。
misfortune普通用词,多批较为严重的不幸,强调不幸多由外界因素所致。
calamity多指个人的不幸,比disaster严重,强调灾难引起的悲痛以及对于损失的感觉。
catastrophe语气最强,指可怕的灾难,强调最终的结局。
以上来源于网络
1530年代,“预期之物的逆转”(特别是戏剧的致命转折点,情节的 winding up),源自拉丁语 catastropha,来自希腊语 katastrophē “颠覆; 突然的结束”,源自 katastrephein “颠覆,倒下,践踏; 结束”,由 kata “向下”(见 cata-)和 strephein “转动”(来自 PIE 词根 *streb(h)- “缠绕、转动”)组成。 “突然灾难”的扩展自1748年。
突变
突变
突变
灾变
災變
灾变
突变
灾变
自然界发生的对生物种群产生强烈影响的不可预测事件。
Greek katastrophē, from katastrephein to overturn, from kata- + strephein to turn
The first known use of catastrophe was in 1540
catchmentnoun
the action of catching water
something that catches water
catchingadjective
infectious
the flu is catching
catchyadjective
likely to attract attention
easily remembered
catchy lyrics
tricky sense 2
a catchy question
catchernoun
one that catchesespecially: a baseball player who plays behind home plate
catchallnoun
something to hold a variety of odds and ends
catch1 of 2verb
to capture or seize in flight or motion catch a ball
catch butterflies
trap entry 2 sense 1a
to discover unexpectedly
was caught in the act
to stop suddenly
caught himself before he gave away the secret
to take hold of : snatch
to get entangled
catch a sleeve on a nail
to have the parts connect firmly
this lock will not catch
to attach, join, or fasten tightly
to fall sick with
catch a cold
to take or get for a short time or quickly catch a little sleep
catch a glimpse of a friend
to catch up to
will have to hurry to catch the leaders
to get aboard in time
catch the bus
understand sense 1a
didn't catch what she said
to play baseball as a catcher
catch2 of 2noun
something caught
the quantity caught at one time
a large catch of fish
the act of catching
a pastime in which a ball is thrown and caught
something that checks, fastens, or holds immovable
a catch on a door
one worth discovering or finding
a round for three or more voices
a hidden difficulty
there must be a catch
catboatnoun
a sailboat with a single mast set far forward and a single large sail with a long boom
catbirdnoun
a dark gray American songbird with a black cap and a reddish underside of the base of the tail
catastrophenoun
a sudden disaster
complete failure : fiasco
catastrophenoun
a sudden disaster
complete failure : fiasco
catastrophenoun
death (as from an inexplicable cause) before, during, or after an operation
1 Not even the bacteria in the soil can survive a catastrophe like that.
2 Some kind of catastrophe had occurred at Hiroshima, but no one knew the details.
3 The thing with Maya is, she’s never cared about popularity or social catastrophes.
4 The flood was a terrible catastrophe in which many people died.
那次洪水真是一场可怕的灾难,许多人丧生.
5 The ark delivered the worthy, bringing them to the other side of the catastrophe.
6 She was bound and determined to run off, and sometimes I had to threaten her with catastrophe just to keep her in check.
7 It’s like the only people who escaped the catastrophe above them are hardened criminals.
8 Yet already he was near recovery, while the more light-hearted Bluebell seemed even less the worse for the dreadful catastrophe that he had survived.
9 Periodic local catastrophes reduce populations.
周期性的局部地区的灾变降低了种群的数量.
10 The former follows fairly briskly on from the latter; or should do, if onstage catastrophe is to be avoided.
11 The flood in Venice was a major catastrophe.
威尼斯的洪水是一场大灾难.
12 Every one feels that a disaster is imminent, as if a catastrophe is about to come.
谁都感到大事不好, 似乎有什么极大的灾难即将来临.
13 “Baba is at home. She couldn’t sleep last night. She’s afraid another catastrophe will happen. The doctor gave her pills to calm her nerves.”
14 Only the thought of the possible catastrophes that might befall such an expedition, and of sustaining damage to my travelling suit, persuaded me to content myself with sitting here on this bench.
15 Absent some catastrophe, the food prices should soon drop.
没有什么突变的话, 食品价格应该很快会有所下降.
16 Not only did Planck’s formula explain the new measurements, it solved the ultraviolet catastrophe.
17 A compulsively methodical man, he had elaborate systems in place that were supposed to prevent such a catastrophe.
18 The catastrophe in the sky was distant, slow, even serene.
19 It was the first modern eco-catastrophe.
这是第一次现代生态灾难。
20 The only way to prevent a catastrophe was to get more as quickly as possible.
防止这样一个突如其来的大灾难的唯一方式就是尽快地获得更多的疫苗.
1 毁灭
desolate pernicious bale end death rack destruction fate doom bane undoing biocide ruination wipe-out -ition kill destroy consume devour negate obliterate unmake ruin perish squelch bring to naught go to the dogs go to pot put an end to undone finish slaughter dissolution shipwreck annihilation perdition marmelize havoc undo overthrow blight subvert uncreate go to pigs and whistle put the skids on lost blighted internecine ruinate destructively wreck wrecking wipeout extinguishment lose sink damn extinguish snuff annihilate fordo cut in pieces cut into pieces
3 结局
end outcome fate ending termination sequel omega coda upshot finality denouement pay-off last issue conclusion sequence finale eventuate final ultimate event wrap-up capper windup dropscene conclusive enfin point result finish payoff anagnorisis in fine
4 困难
short difficult painful stiff rocky dodgy gnarly ill problem trouble difficulty bother rub hassle inconvenience snag woe pitfall strife poser
5 灾难
disaster tragedy adversity calamity visitation evil woe misfortune mishanter trouble accident fate grief casualty fatality tribulation mishap scourge ill misadventure mischance mucker chance slip knock suffering distress deuce smashup slipup
6 大变动
7 事故
trouble mistake circumstance incident accident disaster hazard occurrence casualty malfunction contingency occurring
8 灾祸
blow curse adversity calamity contretemps disaster visitation debacle mishanter wanion misfortune mischief fardel
10 大败
cleaning rout fluff trimming lurch pasting Waterloo brodie shellacking discomfiture washout bomb hammer skunk smother shellac get splattered
11 灾变
12 突变
sporting discontinuous sportive mutative peripetia break sport chop mutation mutant mutagenesis saltation peripeteia heterogenesis mutate transilient turn jump wave revulsion
13 困境
sticky wicket hornet's nest pass fix trouble bind mess jam scrape dead end plight abyss predicament mire cul-de-sac quagmire morass straits bed of nails
14 大祸