英:[kəˈlæməti]
美:[kəˈlæməti]
英:[kəˈlæməti]
美:[kəˈlæməti]
ca·lam·i·ty
k lae mih ti
复数:calamities
词根:calamity
adj.calamitous 灾难的,悲惨的;不幸的
noun
an event causing extreme harm, suffering, or destruction; disaster.Wild fires, extreme flooding, and other calamities have plagued the state this year.The closing of the factory was a calamity for the many families who depended on it for their livelihood.
a state of extreme misery and suffering.
natural calamity自然灾害;天灾
这组词都有“灾难”的意思,其区别是:
disaster普通用词,指大破坏、痛苦或伤亡。
misfortune普通用词,多批较为严重的不幸,强调不幸多由外界因素所致。
calamity多指个人的不幸,比disaster严重,强调灾难引起的悲痛以及对于损失的感觉。
catastrophe语气最强,指可怕的灾难,强调最终的结局。
以上来源于网络
15世纪早期,“损害,逆境状态”; 1550年代,“巨大的不幸或痛苦的原因”,源自14世纪的古法语 calamite,源自拉丁语 calamitatem(主格 calamitas)“损害,损失,失败; 灾难,不幸,逆境”,这是一个起源不明的词。
早期的词源学家将其与 calamus “稻草”(见 shawm)联系起来,认为这是对庄稼损害的描述,但这似乎是民间词源学。也许它来自一个失落的词根,也保存在 incolumis “未受伤”的词中,来自 PIE *kle-mo-,来自 *kel- “打,割”(见 holt)。Calamity Jane 是美国前沿女性、侦察员和民间英雄玛莎·简·卡纳里(约1852-1903)的绰号(1876年有记录)。
灾害
Middle English calamytey, from Latin calamitat-, calamitas; perhaps akin to Latin clades destruction
The first known use of calamity was in the 15th century
calcareousadjective
resembling calcite or calcium carbonate especially in hardness
consisting of or containing calcium carbonatealso: containing calcium
calamitynoun
deep distress or misery
an event that causes great harm
1 We enter a time of calamity! and people were turning toward us.
2 War is a frightful calamity.
战争是可怕的灾难.
3 This would be a calamity for European Banks.
这些对欧洲银行来说将是一个灾难。
4 He predicted calamity for the economy.
5 I was broadcasting across the scatterfeed, going, helplessly, We enter a time of calamity!
6 Windstorms, lightning fires, landslides, volcanic eruptions, and other natural calamities knock down trees and open up the forest, or prevent open country from turning into forestland.
7 If we had been careful such a calamity would not have befallen us.
假如我们谨慎的话,这种灾难不会降临到我们的头上.
8 Nationally, that's a challenge, but regionally it could be a calamity.
对全国而言,这是一个挑战,不过对地区而言,这可能是一场灾难。
9 All this calamity surrounded Helmuth, but he stayed in the city and made daily door-to-door visits, cautiously walking deserted streets and abandoned alleyways “with a trembling heart.”
10 It gave Chicago a light to hold against the gathering dark of economic calamity.
11 They prevented me in the day of my calamity: but the LORD was my stay.
我遭遇灾难的日子,他们来攻击我。但耶和华是我的倚靠。
12 In wandering round the shattered walls and through the devastated interior, I gathered evidence that the calamity was not of late occurrence.
13 Marquez, 62, has dedicated his life to creating art about heartbreaking calamities to honor the victims and help survivors heal.
14 When Hurricane Ivan hit coastal Alabama and blew chaos and calamity into Marsha's life, she thought things were as bad as they could get.
15 Booth’s achievement is described in the Richmond papers as “the most deplorable calamity, which has ever befallen the people of the United States.”
16 Finally he realized all that urgent loud noise was coming from outside his dreams in the real world, heralding another calamity, no doubt, and with a fatalistic whimper the volunteer awoke.
17 We would probably have gone on and discussed the war and agreed that it was in reality a calamity for civilization, and perhaps would have been better avoided.
18 His becoming blind was a great calamity.
他双目失明是巨大的不幸.
19 The product of demographic calamity, the newly created wilderness was indeed beautiful.
20 In the event of a debt-related calamity, this won't much matter.
在与债务有关的大事面前,这不算多大的事。
1 不幸
sadly unhappily disaster buffet casualty woe bale adversity misfortune ill sufferance mischance infelicity hard cheese off bad serious evil dirty adverse unfortunate unhappy disastrous sinister unlucky wretched hapless ill-fated untoward calamitous inauspicious luckless ill-starred infelicitous unblessed need cross trouble blow reverse distress sorrow misery mishap a crook in lot as ill luck would have it in an evil hour hard lines black tragic hard-luck star-crossed knock tragedy worse luck tough luck evil-starred poor miserable abject woeful accursed distressful accurst miserably unluckily mishanter wanion accident teen rubber grief affliction misadventure deuce fardel sordor bise ill-being infelicific unsonsy donsie wayward direful fortuneless wanchancy fatally tsoris down shame discomfort fatality dole schemozzle hex one in the eye but too
2 灾祸
misfortune ill disaster visitation misadventure contretemps blow curse catastrophe adversity debacle
4 痛苦
pain smart hurt wound darkness sweat trauma frustration torture distress wrench ache sorrow misery bale torment affliction purgatory jaundice twinge wormwood sufferance ruth sufferation eina sorry painful sore bitter troublesome poignant aching grievous harrowing sorrowful troublous hard cost penalty suffering woe tribulation gripe desolation laceration poignancy dolor curse sting anguish scourge wring ail aggrieve make it warm for dolorous miserable anguished trial stress throe kill plague afflict harrow vex embitter trouble pinch agonize raging embittered lancing painfully agony rack play up
6 灾害
wanion accident disaster suffering plague bale mischief scourge ravage maelstrom bise disastrous
7 悲惨
sorry tragic unhappy cruel miserable dire catastrophic disastrous pathetic dismal distressing wretched grievous harrowing abject sorrowful woeful forlorn squalid lamentable calamitous godforsaken rueful funereal lugubrious distressful direful miserably unhappily ruefully distressingly piteously lugubriously misery ruefulness desolate
8 逆境
10 灾难
ravage disaster tragedy casualty woe bale misfortune mishap misadventure calamitous evil reverse visitation catastrophe adversity disastrous rock blow plague fatality a crook in lot tragic untoward trouble bane scourge mishanter accident fate grief tribulation ill mischance mucker chance slip knock suffering distress deuce smashup slipup cataclysmic trial infliction tsuris