英:[ˈbɪtə(r)]
美:[ˈbɪtər]
英:[ˈbɪtə(r)]
美:[ˈbɪtər]
bit·ter
bI tr
复数:bitters
第三人称单数:bitters
现在分词:bittering
过去式:bittered
过去分词:bittered
比较级:bitterer或more bitter
最高级:bitterest或most bitter
bitterly (adv.), bitterness (n.)
词根:bitter
adj.bitterish 稍苦的;带苦味的
adv.bitterly 苦涩地,悲痛的;残酷地;怨恨地
bitingly 尖刻地;犀利地
n.bitterness 苦味;苦难;怨恨
bitters 苦味剂;苦味药;苦味补药
adjective
being, inducing, or marked by the one of the five basic taste sensations that is peculiarly acrid, astringent, and often disagreeable and characteristic of citrus peels, unsweetened cocoa, black coffee, mature leafy greens (such as kale or mustard), or ale bitter beer bitter chocolates compare salty entry 1 sense 1b, sour entry 1 sense 1, sweet entry 1, umami entry 2 sense 1
The pill left a bitter taste in my mouth.
distasteful or distressing to the mind : galling
a bitter sense of shame
marked by intensity or severity:
accompanied by severe pain or suffering
a bitter death
being relentlessly determined : vehement
a bitter partisan
exhibiting intense animosity
bitter enemies
harshly reproachful
bitter complaints
intensely unpleasant especially in coldness or rawness
a bitter wind
caused by or expressive of severe pain, grief, or regret
bitter tears
noun
bitter quality
… stepping outside your comfort zone and taking the bitter with the sweet.—James Poniewoziks
the taste sensation that is peculiarly acrid, astringent, and often disagreeable and is characteristic of citrus peels, unsweetened cocoa, black coffee, mature leafy greens (such as kale or mustard), or ale compare salty entry 2, sour entry 2 sense 1b, sweet entry 3 sense 2, umami entry 1
bittersˈbi-tərz plural a usually alcoholic solution of bitter and often aromatic plant products used especially in preparing mixed drinks or as a mild tonic (see tonic entry 1 sense 1b)
British a very dry (see dry entry 1 sense 7b) heavily hopped ale
verb
transitive verb
to make bitter (see bitter entry 1)
bittered ale
adverb
to an intense or severe degree : to a bitter (see bitter entry 1) degree
It's bitter cold.
bitter taste味苦,苦味
bitter cold严寒
bitter gourd苦瓜,苦味葫芦
bitter pill困恼;苦涩的药丸
bitter melon苦瓜
bitter almond苦杏仁
bitter orange酸橙,臭橙;苦酸橙
bitter end最后;结局
bitter salt泻盐,硫酸镁
bitter tea苦茶
古英语 biter “味道苦涩,尖锐,刻薄; 愤怒,充满敌意; 残酷”,源自原始日耳曼语 *bitras-(也指古撒克逊语 bittar,古诺尔斯语 bitr,荷兰语 bitter,古高地德语 bittar,德语 bitter,哥特语 baitrs “苦涩”),来自 PIE 词根 *bheid- “分裂”(也指古英语 bitan “咬”; 见 bite(v.))。显然,这个词义在史前时期从“刺激性的味道”漂移至“辛辣的味道”。在古英语中,用于描述心态和言辞。相关: Bitterly。
苦〔涩〕的:如奎宁味
〔复〕苦味药:用作补药、强壮药、或开胃药。又称amara
苦,能燥,能泄,能坚的药味。
Adjective Middle English, going back to Old English biter, going back to Germanic *bitra- (whence Old Saxon & Old High German bittar "acrid-tasting," Old Norse bitr "biting, sharp") and *baitra- (whence Gothic baitrs "sharp-tasting"), derivatives from the base of *bītan- "to bite" — more at bite >entry 1 Noun derivative of bitter >entry 1 Verb Middle English bittrin, going back to Old English biterian, derivative of biter bitter >entry 1 Adverb Middle English bitter, bittere, going back to Old English bitere, derivative of biter bitter >entry 1
The first known use of bitter was before the 12th century
blame1 of 2verb
to find fault with : censure
to hold responsible
blame them for everything
to place responsibility for
blames it on me
blame2 of 2noun
expression of disapproval
receive both blame and praise
responsibility for something that fails : fault
take the blame for the defeat
black1 of 3adjective
of the color black
very dark
of or relating to any of various population groups that are often considered to have dark skin but that in fact have a wide range of skin colors
Black people
of or relating to Black people and especially to African American people and their culture
Black literature
very sad or gloomy
the outlook was black
sullen sense 1a
evil entry 1 sense 1, wicked—used in the past especially in literature
a black deed
characterized by grim or distorted humor
black2 of 3noun
a black pigment or dyeespecially: one consisting largely of carbon
the characteristic color of soot or coal
black clothing
dressed in black
a black animal (as a horse)
a person belonging to any of various population groups especially of African ancestry that are often considered to have dark pigmentation of the skin but in fact have a wide range of skin colors
African American
absence of light : darkness
the black of night
the condition of making a profit
in the black
black3 of 3verb
blacken sense 1
black1 of 3adjective
of the color black
very dark
of or relating to any of various population groups that are often considered to have dark skin but that in fact have a wide range of skin colors
Black people
of or relating to Black people and especially to African American people and their culture
Black literature
very sad or gloomy
the outlook was black
sullen sense 1a
evil entry 1 sense 1, wicked—used in the past especially in literature
a black deed
characterized by grim or distorted humor
black2 of 3noun
a black pigment or dyeespecially: one consisting largely of carbon
the characteristic color of soot or coal
black clothing
dressed in black
a black animal (as a horse)
a person belonging to any of various population groups especially of African ancestry that are often considered to have dark pigmentation of the skin but in fact have a wide range of skin colors
African American
absence of light : darkness
the black of night
the condition of making a profit
in the black
black3 of 3verb
blacken sense 1
bitteradjective
having or being a disagreeable sharp taste that is one of the four basic taste sensations compare salt entry 3 sense 1b, sour entry 1 sense 1, sweet entry 1 sense 1b
bitter coffee
hard to accept or bear : painful
bitter disappointment
sharp and resentful
a bitter reply
unpleasantly cold
a bitter wind
bitteradjective
being or inducing the one of the four basic taste sensations that is peculiarly acrid, astringent, or disagreeable and suggestive of an infusion of hops compare salt entry 2 sense 2, sour entry 1, sweet entry 1
1 Though the bitter cold did not abate, the daylight hours grew perceptibly longer.
2 In the closed, humid confines of the refrigerator, the smell had had the time to develop, to ferment, to grow bitter and angry.
3 She told me how she'd swallowed it all, even the memory of it, like the tiniest bitter pill, and about all the boys she consumed after it just to keep it buried down there.
4 It was never good to be ambiguous with bitter magical creatures.
5 There was another smell, outside, something burning, a pungent fragrance that was half sweet and half bitter.
6 Still, they say the bitterer the medicine the quicker the cure.
7 None saw her last meeting with Elrond her father, for they went up into the hills and there spoke long together, and bitter was their parting that should endure beyond the ends of the world.
8 They hardly seem to care whether missionaries exist Don’t be bitter, I said.
9 It was a bitter reminder that everything King had taught him had been wiped out by his time in the military.
10 How could such a bitter thing become a means of pleasure?
11 On some expeditions guides have gone to the summit without any of their paying customers, prompting the bitter clients to conclude that they were brought along simply to pick up the tab.
12 The cold was startling, like a slap to the face, and the wind was still bitter.
13 These passages show that the great and bitter needs of the helpless were reaching up to heaven and changing the god of the strong into the protector of the weak.
14 Along a front of some 250 miles, German soldiers did an about-face and started to retrace their steps over ground won in bitter fighting during the previous two weeks.
15 The bitter tartness that is associated with ginseng is not evident in this tea.
痛苦的锋利,它通常与人参显然没有在这个茶.
16 Malcolm X for some reason suddenly began to deliver a spate of attacks against Elijah Muhammad, making more bitter accusations of “religious fakery” and “immorality” than he ever had.
17 “My life as a child did not prepare me for the fact that the world is full of cruel and bitter things.”
18 I had never in my life heard my mother speak out so bitter about anything or anybody.
19 They were as bitter as gall, but he chewed them anyway, spit them out, and got others.
20 The leaves taste rather bitter.
这些叶子尝起来相当苦。
1 令人不快的
bad gross ugly miserable unpleasant disgusting grim dreadful objectionable upsetting ghastly disagreeable dour unpalatable unwholesome unappealing minging
3 令人不愉快的
4 愤愤不平的
5 人悲痛的
7 激烈
strong hot intense aggressive keen terrific heated explosive fierce furious stand-up flaming stormy blistering ferocious bruising titanic hard-fought vehement dour acrimonious tempestuous ding-dong dingdong strongly aggressively violently fiercely keenly hotly furiously vehemently ferociously heatedly bitterness ferocity heaviness vigour fierceness vehemence knock-down-drag-out physical drastic fiery blazing cutthroat violent stiff high-powered vitriolic fervid sharply violence acrimony with a vengeance furioso live hard bad white red active tough driving sharp pink intensive sore Stark volcanic rampant edgy towering strenuous uncanny heady rabid sultry impassioned red-hot high-pitched no-holds-barred trenchant dog-eat-dog troublous high heavy heavily severely edge intensity rage severity fury soreness acharnement to beat the band hot and strong hot and heavy slapdash rough angry passionate burning nasty lively grievous ungodly torrential unbridled shrill impetuous cyclonic slashing ungovernable vituperative slapbang drastically wildly intensely mightily fervently rudely acrimoniously amain tempestuously heat sharpness impetuosity tempestuousness rampancy like a brick like bricks like blazes like anything like the devil like a ton of bricks
8 强烈的
great full bad strong heavy powerful intense violent tremendous keen burning profound fierce elemental hearty towering flaming raging ferocious blinding cordial racking red-hot consuming vehement all-consuming hot deep acid sharp chronic intensive stiff glorious lively vivid exquisite furious fervent ravenous fervid high living rich wild concentrate nervous glowing concentrated poignant penetrating shrill edged seething trachy-
9 刺骨地
10 非常
such choice signal exceptional remarkable extraordinary awful singular fearful towering blooming egregious thundering preternatural exceeding bally much too far ever extra rarely precious bloody overly whopping materially cracking damned jolly sorely darned beastly spanking rattling whacking parlous screamingly sopping deuced unco all too right down ever so not a little a devil of an to a high degree above measure out of all Scotch like sin ever such fit to bust all very great high champion holy prize extreme vast terrible supreme fabulous deadly mighty terrific uncommon mortal exquisite almighty monumental sensational undue frantic colossal ferocious howling prodigious crass frightful gallows devilish thumping raving doggone confounded measureless too-too so just some most right hard least pretty simply dog amazing regular highly super powerful extremely proper properly rare greatly curious passing tremendous badly desperate immense cruel boiling stink dreadful monstrous wondrous swinging awfully miserably first-rate heartily thrice mightily deathly ruddy uncommonly fearfully heaps sevenfold tiptop signally blamed swingeing perishing trop muchly corking gey assai amain immortally all-fired plaguily bokoo lot
12 讽刺
piercing biting wry incisive vitriolic wind dig shaft lash ridicule squib gibe zing satirize cutting ironic cod sarcastic caustic burlesque backhanded mordant piquant satiric ironical nipping pass salt sting irony fling bitterness nip slant satire sarcasm innuendo pasquinade rot send-up
13 严厉
smart iron raw severe sharp rough strict harsh stiff rugged rigorous rigid abusive stern stark tart drastic grim stringent exacting pungent grueling scathing astringent austere puritanical slashing flinty roundly rigor tyranny astringency fulminous hard blue firm tough exact crucial imperative dour inclement unsparing strictly sharply keenly cruelly starkly sternly stringently dourly humorlessly scathingly unsparingly austerely hardness stringency starkness inclemency humorlessness austereness severeness hard as iron
16 讽刺的
piercing biting wry incisive vitriolic cutting ironic cod sarcastic caustic burlesque backhanded mordant piquant satiric ironical nipping
18 人痛苦
19 非常地
extra rarely bloody overly whopping materially cracking damned jolly sorely darned beastly screamingly sopping unco all too right down ever so not a little out of all Scotch like sin
21 苦恼的
22 势不两立
24 抱怨
railing malcontent grievance rhubarb mutter rail complain crab hone fuss grouse holler croak grump kvetch grutch grumble
26 使人痛苦
27 剧烈的
knock-down-drag-out bad smart severe sharp terrible acute stiff exquisite towering raging splitting biting bruising acrimonious
28 冷酷的
flinthearted stonyhearted tough iron marble brutal grim relentless ruthless stony inhuman unrelenting heartless steely unkind cold-blooded inexorable unfeeling remorseless obdurate snaky bloody-minded hardhearted uncompassionate ironhearted hard as iron tough as nails
29 苦啤酒
30 刺骨
sharp keen nippy Nip cutting piercing biting searching snappy toothed nipping snell search nip to the bone penetrating
32 苦药类
33 冷酷
flinthearted stonyhearted tough iron marble brutal grim relentless ruthless stony inhuman unrelenting heartless steely unkind cold-blooded inexorable unfeeling remorseless obdurate snaky bloody-minded hardhearted uncompassionate ironhearted callously frostily unfeelingly heart induration grimness obduracy frostiness rockiness steel petrify with an iron hand hard as iron tough as nails
34 使人痛苦的
35 愤怒的
stormy dark wild tight angry disgruntled ablaze irate acrid wrathful irascible wroth hot under the collar bent out of shape cross heated outraged disorderly indignant steamed up black emotional sharp mad ugly mirthless inflammable
36 严厉的
smart iron raw severe sharp rough strict harsh stiff rugged rigorous rigid abusive stern stark tart drastic grim stringent exacting pungent grueling scathing astringent austere puritanical slashing flinty fulminous hard blue firm tough exact crucial imperative dour inclement unsparing hard as iron
37 辛辣的
hot Sharp tart poignant biting pungent savoury astringent acrid picante quick acid salt sharp spicy salty piercing savory pointed barbed incisive shrill racy peppery toothy acrimonious vitriolic nippy acerbic piquant trenchant sharp-edged gingery scalding acerb acid-tongued acetous sharp-fanged
38 怨恨的
39 难以接受的
40 痛苦的
sorry painful sore troublesome poignant aching grievous harrowing sorrowful troublous miserable thorny afflicted anguished embittered wrenching gnawing laboring agonized tormenting
41 抱怨的
42 无情的
flinthearted hard bad cruel rocky hardened ruthless dismal stony inhuman heartless merciless steely hard-boiled sledgehammer soulless cold-blooded inexorable aseptic implacable insensible unfeeling roughshod remorseless uncharitable insensate unmerciful fleshed poltroon unpitying insentient hardhearted uncompassionate case-hardened kindless hard-baked ironfisted gloves-off ironhearted cruelhearted harsh callous
43 令人愤怒的
44 悲惨的
heavy sorry fatal tragic unhappy miserable dire disastrous pathetic wretched harrowing deplorable abject sordid sorrowful woeful sullen squalid ratty calamitous baleful distressful direful perishing triste afflictive
45 辛苦
rough sore rugged uphill sweaty punishing laboring toilsome labouring toilful pain toil plod travail swot moil swink hard warm painful killing stiff taxing tiring trouble strain hardship at pains
46 刺激的
electric generous stimulant stirring irritant pungent rousing galvanic acrimonious parlous excitant incitant racy of soil
48 厉害的
bad sound strong perfect heavy powerful smart holy severe terrible dear violent keen awful acute desperate sore nasty rude sweeping crying fearful frantic uncanny murderous egregious unholy overbearing acrimonious slashing parlous snell perishing squally acerb
49 厉害
bad sound strong perfect heavy powerful smart holy severe terrible dear violent keen awful acute desperate sore nasty rude sweeping crying fearful frantic uncanny murderous egregious unholy overbearing acrimonious slashing parlous snell perishing squally acerb best blind heavily badly terribly sharply sorely bitterly smartly soundly smartish severity
50 使人悲痛的
52 严寒
cutting Arctic frosty frigid inclement frost freeze hard harsh bitterness harshness frore rigorous rigour raw sharp bitterly frozen gelid
53 强烈
great full bad strong heavy powerful intense violent tremendous keen burning profound fierce elemental hearty towering flaming raging ferocious blinding cordial racking red-hot consuming vehement all-consuming deep strongly deeply brightly vigorously painfully violently passionately keenly vehemently heartily fervently cordially virulently distractedly depth intensity sharpness bitterness heaviness vigour fierceness vehemence keenness strenuousness hot acid sharp chronic intensive stiff glorious lively vivid exquisite furious fervent ravenous fervid violence high living rich wild concentrate nervous glowing concentrated poignant penetrating shrill edged seething mainly richly mightily trachy- like sin with both feet
54 苦恼
miserable distressed narked bitterly smart upset distress misery oppression affliction hang-up pain bother afflict assail harry upset yourself
55 愤恨
56 极度
all great vast supreme intense violent excessive towering nth red-hot helluva uttermost wide mortally screamingly top sum summit utmost extremity in extreme to the limit the worst way to the utmost above measure
57 剧烈
high big severe sharp chronic violent acute exquisite fell splitting excruciating grievous cutthroat acrimonious severely sharply bitterly smartly felly sharpness acuity sharpen knock-down-drag-out bad smart terrible stiff towering raging biting bruising fiercely sorely heatedly torrentially intensity severity acrimony smartness
58 刺激
electric generous stimulant stirring irritant pungent rousing galvanic acrimonious parlous excitant incitant needle excitement impulse stimulus irritation lash sting hypo turn-on fillip incitation inceptive fire activate excite motivate stimulate brace smite prod pique nettle inflame whet galvanize rasp racy of soil give impetus to give the needle hop up
59 怨恨
embittered rancorous despite spite resentment venom gall malice grudge animosity rancor malevolence malignity rancour embitterment heartburning embitter empoison be down on hard feelings
60 激烈的
hot stormy warm violent keen heated drastic fiery towering flaming ferocious blazing high-pitched impetuous acrimonious vociferous scalding ding-dong hot and heavy strong intense aggressive terrific explosive fierce furious stand-up blistering bruising titanic hard-fought vehement dour tempestuous dingdong knock-down-drag-out physical cutthroat stiff high-powered vitriolic fervid furioso live hard bad white red active tough driving sharp pink intensive sore Stark volcanic rampant edgy strenuous uncanny heady rabid sultry impassioned red-hot no-holds-barred trenchant dog-eat-dog troublous heavy hot and strong slapdash high rough angry passionate burning nasty lively grievous ungodly torrential unbridled shrill cyclonic slashing ungovernable vituperative slapbang
62 充满敌意的
65 令人愤怒
66 尖刻的
cutting keen pointed poignant biting pungent incisive peppery acrimonious vitriolic piquant trenchant sharp-edged sharp-fanged
67 苦味
70 愤怒
cross angry heated outraged disorderly indignant bitterly hotly heatedly shock anger wrath bile bitterness spleen ire indignation exasperation snit smart inflame sicken be up in arms steamed up be round the twist go round the twist hard feelings put out black emotional sharp mad ugly stormy irate mirthless wrathful inflammable heat passion stir flap funk in high dudgeon rattle cage
71 怀恨
splenetical venomous spiteful grudging splenetic spleenful despiteous empoison despiteful wrathful bear
72 痛苦
sorry painful sore troublesome poignant aching grievous harrowing sorrowful troublous hard cost pain penalty suffering torture distress misery woe torment tribulation affliction gripe calamity desolation laceration poignancy dolor ache curse sting anguish scourge wring ail aggrieve make it warm for sticky miserable lousy pained laboring distressful dolorous agonal tsoris misease trial hurt wound worm endurance wrench agony soreness pang displeasure travail twang twinge infliction gnawing sufferance stang excruciation smart labor ferret gnaw harry try ride murder rack punish afflict victimize fester goad agonize rankle embitter excruciate imbitter thorny afflicted anguished embittered wrenching agonized tormenting painfully sorely trouble bale martyrdom wark throe angor weight worry prick agonise nag at make a martyr of in agony
73 悲痛
sore tragic aching grievous regretful heartsick dolorous heartrending heavy-hearted mournfully sorrily pain distress grief wrench sorrow woe bitterness pang bleed grieve con dolore
77 哀伤的
78 怀恨的
splenetical venomous spiteful grudging splenetic spleenful despiteous despiteful wrathful vindictive revengeful
79 无情
flinthearted hard bad cruel rocky hardened ruthless dismal stony inhuman heartless merciless steely hard-boiled sledgehammer soulless cold-blooded inexorable aseptic implacable insensible unfeeling roughshod remorseless uncharitable insensate unmerciful fleshed poltroon unpitying insentient hardhearted uncompassionate case-hardened kindless hard-baked ironfisted gloves-off ironhearted cruelhearted harsh hardness callous unkindness insensibility induration callosity harden indurate without remorse
80 人痛苦的
81 刺痛
biting prickly burry atingle stingily bite stitch stab sting tingle prick twinge prickle smart Nip
82 尖刻
cutting keen pointed poignant biting pungent incisive peppery acrimonious vitriolic piquant trenchant sharp-edged sharp-fanged bitingly edge poignancy acrimony pungency piquancy trenchancy saltness acridity
83 令人失望
85 严酷
hard heavy brutal rigorous grim biting trenchant inclement hardhanded rigorously rigor astringency asperity inclemency rigorousness have a heavy hand
86 辛辣
hot quick acid salt sharp spicy salty tart piercing savory pointed poignant biting barbed astringent incisive shrill racy peppery acrid toothy acrimonious vitriolic nippy acerbic piquant trenchant sharp-edged gingery scalding acerb acid-tongued acetous sharp-fanged racily race bite pepper punch pungency piquancy acerbity piquance
87 悲惨
heavy sorry fatal tragic unhappy miserable dire disastrous pathetic wretched harrowing deplorable abject sordid sorrowful woeful sullen squalid ratty calamitous baleful distressful direful perishing triste afflictive miserably unhappily sordor
89 令人失望的