英:[ˈpætrənɪdʒ]
美:[ˈpætrənɪdʒ]
英:[ˈpætrənɪdʒ]
美:[ˈpætrənɪdʒ]
n.
资助,赞助
光顾,惠顾
任免权
支援,保护
pa·tron·age
peI tr nihj [or] pae tr nihj
词根:patron
n.patron 赞助人;保护人;主顾
vt.patronize 惠顾;资助;保护
Noun
1. the act of providing approval and support;
"his vigorous backing of the conservatives got him in trouble with progressives"
2. customers collectively;
"they have an upper class clientele"
3. a communication that indicates lack of respect by patronizing the recipient
4. (politics) granting favors or giving contracts or making appointments to office in return for political support
5. the business given to a commercial establishment by its customers;
"even before noon there was a considerable patronage"
Verb
1. support by being a patron of
2. be a regular customer or client of;
"We patronize this store"
"Our sponsor kept our art studio going for as long as he could"
14世纪后期,“向教堂福利机构推荐合格人员的权利”,源自古法语 patronage(14世纪),源自 patron “赞助人,保护者”(参见 patron),直接源自中世纪拉丁语 patronagium。世俗意义上的“提供有影响力的支持; 由赞助人或赞助人提供的援助”始于1550年代。一般意义上的“授予工作或恩惠的权力,控制公共服务职位的任命”始于1769年; “顾客的常规业务”意义始于1804年。
The first known use of patronage was in the 14th century
patronnoun
a person chosen as a special guardian or supporter
a patron of poets
one who gives generous support or approval
a patron of the arts
a person who buys the goods or uses the services offered (as by a business)
patronizeverb
to act as a patron to or of : give aid or support to
patronize the arts
to act as if one were better than
to be a patron of patronize the library
patronize a store
patronizeverb
to act as a patron to or of : give aid or support to
patronize the arts
to act as if one were better than
to be a patron of patronize the library
patronize a store
patronessnoun
a woman who is a patron: as
a woman chosen as a special guardian or supporter
a woman who gives generous support or approval
patronnoun
a person chosen as a special guardian or supporter
a patron of poets
one who gives generous support or approval
a patron of the arts
a person who buys the goods or uses the services offered (as by a business)
patronagenoun
the support or influence of a patron
business or activity provided by patrons
the power to give out government jobs, contracts, or favors
1 The most radical museum events of 2019 were the many individual protests aimed at questionable sources of art patronage.
2 It is the sort of unexpected treasury that crops up in British regional cities, where the legacy of industrial wealth funded flurries of artistic patronage, before it disappeared.
3 The ethical implications of this system of patronage are murky, to say the least.
4 Thanks to the political patronage system, still in place despite President Hayes’s efforts to fix it, Garfield was expected to fill thousands of government positions.
5 It was patronage of actresses - such as Marilyn Monroe and Greta Garbo - that ensured Salvatore Ferragamo's "fairytale" rise from a humble shoe repair shop in California into the leather "shoemaker of the stars."
6 Rubens was about 35 and just entering a period of great productivity, thanks to patronage from the court of Archduke Albert and his wife, Isabella, rulers of the Netherlands.
7 He had been reluctant to work abroad but could not find a decent job because of Italy’s high youth unemployment and patronage system.
8 Exam boards navigate between losing the trust of universities and losing the patronage of schools.
考试委员会因此失去了大学的信任和中学的资助。
9 Indeed, despite Mrs. Obama’s patronage, a number of labels she wore have struggled financially, including J. Crew; Maria Pinto, which closed; and Bibhu Mohapatra, which filed for bankruptcy last week.
10 The pair’s combined patronage extended the length of the High Renaissance, from Donatello and Brunelleschi to Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci.
11 In a recent interview with The New York Times, Ms. Pinto said she failed to capitalize on the enormous publicity from Mrs. Obama’s patronage.
12 This, as much as individual talent and patronage, explains why it has loomed so large in our culture.
13 Intertwined with these were rivalry, power brokering, and patronage.
然而也不乏有抗争 、 强权操纵与任命特权交织其中.
14 More sinisterly, Wilhelm’s patronage of the aggressive, nationalistic right left him surrounded by ministers who held a collective conviction that a European war was inevitable and even desirable.
15 Known for its own art collection and cultural patronage, Femsa, the beverage and retail giant based in Monterrey, Mexico, agreed to organize and staff a pop-up Oxxo branch at Kurimanzutto at its own expense.
16 This factory welcomes newly old customer's of home and abroad presence your patronage wholeheartedly.
本厂竭诚欢迎国内外新老客户光临惠顾.
17 He merely assured Inspector Thomas Mathew that as far as he was concerned Velutha did not have the patronage or the protection of the Communist Party.
18 Despite his strategically placed literary dedication to Cosimo, Vasari, in his forties and still without secure patronage, had to wait nearly five years for the summons to Florence to serve the Duke.
19 But this kind of bumbling patronage, according to Lewis, is only one part of the Trump method.
20 a system of political patronage
2 支援
supportive hand backing helping reinforcement underpin logrolling support second boost uphold patronize succor succour
3 保护
sheltery protective custodial tutelary patronal protectively care security protection shadow shelter conservation preservation ward sanctuary dependency refuge guardianship auspice palladium tutelage aegis safekeeping protectiveness harborage keep cover protect secure guard preserve shield fence cushion safeguard conserve indemnify patronize forfend spoon-feed take under protection guardian patron tutelar keeping wardship with screen bind defend charm cherish chaperon in defense of charge defence custody umbrella lee roofing indemnity conservancy indemnification coverture ensure father roof buffer overshadow fend rampart bulwark ring-fence protecting hand tuition shroud securement overshade know save prevent insure sconce safekeep ride herd on
5 奖励
incentive encouraging hortation promotion encouragement encourage nurse patronize promotive premium countenance promote urge cheer
7 任命权
8 恩人气派
9 资助
support subsidize bankroll endowment stake endow assist sustentation help run fund patronize AID sponsorship sponsor set up award grant underwrite patronizing greenbacking aid subvention imburse
11 赞助
friendly sponsored auspices sponsorship auspice enlist sponsor favor patronize on the side of supportive promotion subscription support subscribe courtesy of encourage sustaining patronal commitment countenance aegis root favour patronizing boosterism
12 扶植
13 恩赐态度
14 支持
responsive supportive support nurture endorsement encouragement backing sympathy adhesion countenance bulwark back-up espousal with behind sympathize-ise promote bear advocate stake favour uphold fortify espouse corroborate pro- side with sustentacular friendly supporting patronizing strength behalf identification sanction advocacy sustenance auspice underpinning aliment backstay advocation sustentation root side identify plunk bolster backstop back second hold stay maintain champion favor sustain prop nourish underpin underlie crutch buttress patronize undergird underprop come in favor of carry the banner for stand up and be counted hold a brief for take up for in favor of hold hand stand with carry along
15 关照