英:[meɪnˈteɪn]
美:[meɪnˈteɪn]
英:[meɪnˈteɪn]
美:[meɪnˈteɪn]
main·tain
meIn teIn
第三人称单数:maintains
现在分词:maintaining
过去式:maintained
过去分词:maintained
maintainable (adj.), maintainer (n.)
词根:maintain
adj.maintainable 可维持的;可主张的;可维修的
n.maintenance 维护,维修;保持;生活费用
maintainer 维修工;保持器
Verb
1. keep in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., "keep clean";
"hold in place"
"She always held herself as a lady"
"The students keep me on my toes"
2. keep in safety and protect from harm, decay, loss, or destruction;
"We preserve these archeological findings"
"The old lady could not keep up the building"
"children must be taught to conserve our national heritage"
"The museum curator conserved the ancient manuscripts"
3. supply with necessities and support;
"She alone sustained her family"
"The money will sustain our good cause"
"There's little to earn and many to keep"
4. state categorically
5. of power or authority
6. maintain for use and service;
"I keep a car in the countryside"
"She keeps an apartment in Paris for her shopping trips"
7. maintain by writing regular records;
"keep a diary"
"maintain a record"
"keep notes"
8. state or assert;
"He maintained his innocence"
9. support against an opponent;
"The appellate court upheld the verdict"
10. observe correctly or closely;
"The pianist kept time with the metronome"
"keep count"
"I cannot keep track of all my employees"
maintain in维持…;保持…
maintain order维持秩序
maintain world peace维护世界和平
maintain contact with与...保持联系
maintain discipline维持纪律
这组词都有“断言,声称”的意思,其区别是:
allege多指无真凭实据,不提供证据的断言或宣称。
testify多指在法庭作证,庄严地宣称自己所说属实。
affirm侧重在作出断言时表现出的坚定与不可动摇的态度。
maintain与assert近义,但前者指坚决维护某种主张或观点。
assert主观意味强,指自认为某事就是如此,而不管事实如何。
claim可与assert换用,但语气弱一些,侧重指行为自己的权利提出要求他人承认。
以上来源于网络
这组词都有“保存,储藏”的意思,其区别是:
conserve较正式用词,指小心地使用难以补充的资源或贵重物,免遭浪费或毁坏,以备不时之需。
store普通用词,指将物品存放,以备将来使用。
save普通用词,指尽量少用,以争取数量上有所增加。
maintain指保持原样,不增不减
preserve侧重将物品完好无损地保存下来。
以上来源于网络
公元1300年,源于 maintenen,“支持,维护,帮助”,同时还有“抓牢,保持持有,防止被夺走或丢失”的意思,源自盎格鲁-法语的 meintenir(古法语的 maintenir,12c.),意为“保持(妻子),维持; 坚持不懈,不断实践”,来自拉丁语的 manu tenere,“手中拿着”,由 manu(来自 PIE 词根 *man-(2)“手”的代名词)和 manus 的与格“手”组成,再加上 PIE 词根 *ten- “伸展”的 tenere “拿着”。
“保持现状或状态,保持存在或持续”的意思源于14世纪初。“继续保持,持续进行”的含义源于14世纪中叶。 “自保,自我支持”的意思始于14世纪后期。 "在言语中进行辩护,通过论据或声明支持"的含义源于14世纪中叶。“习惯性实践”的意思始于公元1400年左右。“为生计或存在提供手段”的意思自公元1400年左右起。 相关词汇: Maintained; maintaining; maintains 。
保持
维修
抚养
维持
Middle English mainteinen, from Anglo-French maintenir, maynteiner, from Medieval Latin manutenēre, from Latin manu tenēre to hold in the hand
The first known use of maintain was in the 14th century
maintainverb
to keep in an existing stateespecially: to keep in good condition maintain machinery
maintain one's health
to defend by argument
maintain a position
to continue in : carry on, keep up maintain a correspondence
maintain your balance
to provide for : support
maintain my family by working
to insist to be true
maintained that all men are equal
1 By and large they carried these things inside, maintaining the masks of composure.
2 During the first hours she tried to maintain her good humor.
3 Joe’s friends maintained that he hadn’t been to town that day; a bank clerk friendly with Valentine shared the rumor that the woman was trying to make a paramour jealous.
4 He maintained sagely that there is always a trade-off involved in the adoption of any policy, and that if daylight saving time were instituted, curtains and other fabrics would fade more quickly.
5 He even maintained his involvement with the game while bathing.
6 ISR maintains that these obstacles can be overcome.
ISR坚持认为这些障碍会被克服.
7 All he did was try to maintain a certain distance, on the pretext of being a hopeless bachelor when it came to matters of the heart.
8 Regimental commanders shouted for order, but there was no maintaining it.
9 He cannot maintain his balance and keep up, so he aims his tattered tennis shoes at the railroad ties.
10 Territorial empires are tightly controlled but costly to maintain; hegemonic empires are inexpensive to maintain, because the original local rulers incur the costs of administration, but the loose tie between master and vassal encourages rebellion.
11 About her personal life Mrs. Richardson could find very little, only a brief mention that she had maintained an apartment on the Upper East Side.
12 Sir William Osier took this view: he disapproved of people who spoke of the agony of death, maintaining that there was no such thing.
13 In reality, technologies must be not only acquired but also maintained, and that too depends on many unpredictable factors.
14 South Carolina maintained a different attitude toward colored progress, as Sam had told Cora on the platform.
15 The real beauty of the arrangement was that it allowed whites to maintain their dominant social and economic position without feeling guilty.
16 But it was maintained that rainfall alone could not explain the size of the rivers or the existence of springs emerging from underground; springs were fed directly, it was argued, from the ocean.
17 All three have maintained their innocence.
但三人坚持自己是清白的.
18 Although happy to praise his methodology, many maintained that he had found not the age of the Earth but merely the age of the materials from which the Earth had been formed.
19 She maintains that Lopsang hauled her up the slope very much against her wishes.
20 They tell the peasants in detail how to maintain the pumps.
他们详细地教给农民怎样保养抽水机。
1 持续
sostenuto standing steady persistent sustained perdurable ceaselessly tenuto maintenance persistence sustenance continuance be last hold continue stand stick endure persist perseverate perdure support span sustain sound unflagging arow stretch sustention
2 维持
sustentative sustaining support maintenance retention preservation keeping upkeep sustenance keep rule lie hold carry retain preserve sustain prop uphold sustentation stay fuel subsist last underprop persistence persist stick to hold out feed prop up conservation sustention possess affirm observe entertain persevere
3 养护
4 强调
loud emphatic ascensive sforzando stress emphasis accent urgency insistence accentuation birr point weight press highlight urge emphasize underscore underline accentuate punctuate
6 提供
input provision ministration -ize find store present deliver introduce arm organize afford render lend insure furnish canalize give provide OFFER allow fit extend lay bear minister administer lodge tender purvey hold forth
9 辩护
defendant defense advocacy apology justification plead explain defend assert vindicate take the part of
11 主张
CASE opinion defense advocacy proposition assertion contention showing insistence pretense pretension vindication say-so averment for insist pretend lay argue advocate contend postulate vindicate stand on make a point of position claim premise politics vote assert insist on ground stand for case cause maintenance representation allegation protestation say have champion plead stand noise affirmation advocation constatation hold deliver pose protest affirm purport make a point that stand upon hang out for
12 保持
retentive maintenance retention holding keep hold bear retain possess sustain poise conservation continuance stay save sit preserve continue bind buoy lie observe abide held last leave cling to hold down seal in preservation sustenance have reserve persist stand keeping rest holdfast
14 拥护
vindicative support championship advocacy backing vindication espousal vindicatory back advocate at back be for in support at the back of in back of advocatory defense maintenance advocation champion defend uphold espouse vindicate carry the banner for stand up and be counted
15 供给
feeding service supply flow provision fend find give provide store serve arm feed afford equip furnish provide with
16 负担
tax drain burden imposition encumbrance albatross lug share weight load responsibility liability incidence fraught onus infliction deadweight incubus against absorb
17 的常见搭配词
important key material major direct popular particular positive essential involved mass express corporate increased objective hurt detailed extreme severe suitable reliable immediate junior violent overwhelming desperate racial modest lengthy vague unaware diplomatic damaging undue suited ill groundless highly fully seriously plain increasingly support plan feature build project research quality increase review contact visit code solution search network role location total challenge approach request environment fine attack impact requirement guide stage growth setting strategy factor drug disease campaign contract advice conduct protection custom conference component basis instruction injury register layer stress lesson signal regulation diet majority desire journey estimate appeal investigation comfort presence possibility talent criminal profit reaction contribution suggestion difficulty violence permission array arrangement chat reduction shock sequence scenario outline scope prospect reputation donation dimension recognition reform legislation intention urge qualification settlement hint interpretation tension independence tactic involvement kiss criticism minority implication determination accent patience significance panic offence unity pollution sensation sanction glimpse occurrence humour speculation objection instinct precaution publicity sigh concession scrutiny dominance rubbish omission coup cause reach reduce recommend improve sense suggest treat object discuss voice promote assume obtain influence fuel highlight inspire approve refuse ignore draft observe tap arise combat conclude reject drain propose satisfy overcome comply react undertake differ interpret lodge oppose reinforce dismiss flush uncover explode forge dictate undermine weaken devise glare underline
18 固执己见
opinionated small-minded self-opinionated insist dig your heels in dig your toes in stand pat
19 坚称
23 继续
running continuous unceasing on away succession continuation after keep last run hold pursue proceed subsist bide make continue sustain hang in there alive continuative continuity continuance resumption BE renew pass carry resume abide on and on follow on fire away extended continuing follow-up successive sequential sequent continuate maintenance sequence sequel abidance spread stretch succeed continued contin. con. contd. train pick up the threads right along
26 坚持
persistent adamant insistent tenaciously insistently persistence adherence insistence insistency threap insist adhere persist abide fasten have stay press exact persevere in persevere with keep with persevere at hold by make a point of pressing unremitting importunate persevering pertinacious maintenance patience assertion assert hold fast to press ahead consistency continue hold stick soldier wed cling cleave HEW loud loyal urgent tenacious stand perseverance endure stipulate require hug contend hang in there must needs hang on like grim death steady Patience enforce pursue swear nail colours to the mast get it into head stick at it stand on insist on stand up for stick to it in the cause of persevere reassert hold firm to tough out cling on to hang on stick to stick with adhere to cling to hold out hold firm soldier on firm consistent tenacity last remain hold on hold to stick by keep at it go the distance hard-nosed stick-to-itiveness obstinateness persistency instancy hew protest holdout field stand upon stick it
29 保养
maintenance upkeep service preserve preservation condition care servicing keep up keep recruit
31 支持
friendly supporting sustaining support push championship favor advocacy backing sympathy countenance sustenance underpinning aegis espousal sustentation behind last side stay enlist back hold carry bear champion sponsor defend sustain prop endorse uphold bolster underpin buoy espouse buttress upbear underprop at back carry the banner for take part with take the part of hold a brief for on the side of in support of at the back of take part in back of take sides pat on the back in favour of blessing favour endorsement pro- pro for second associate encourage AID align ally rally stake cheer affirm corroborate backstop undergird be there for stand up for in favour in the cause of bat for speak up for stick up for strike a blow for throw weight behind in aid of supportive sympathetic umbrella adhesion sub- adhere promote nourish underlie patronize advance root hold hand stand to on the right side of in sympathy hold with sustentacular patronizing strength behalf identification sanction patronage auspice aliment backstay advocation with identify plunk advocate fortify crutch come in favor of stand up and be counted take up for in favor of stand with carry along
32 断言
affirmant affirmative categorical affirmatory affirmatively assertion affirmation dictum predication affirmance averment say protest swear vouch guarantee undertake allege assert pronounce affirm predicate tell the world claim necessity protestation asseveration declare predict insist aver avouch allegation deposition sworn describe represent asseverate allow contend
33 维护
service maintenance preservation protect guard preserve safeguard bat for assert vindicatory irrepealable care working behalf assertion vindication support champion rescue vindicate
34 负担费用