英:[əˈbændən]
美:[əˈbændən]
英:[əˈbændən]
美:[əˈbændən]
a·ban·don
baen dn
abandons, abandoning, abandoned
abandonment (n.)
词根:abandon
adj.abandoned 被抛弃的;无约束的;恣意放荡的;寡廉鲜耻的
n.abandonment 抛弃;放纵
v.abandoned 抛弃(abandon的过去式和过去分词)
Noun
1. the trait of lacking restraint or control; freedom from inhibition or worry;
"she danced with abandon"
2. a feeling of extreme emotional intensity;
"the wildness of his anger"
Verb
1. forsake, leave behind;
"We abandoned the old car in the empty parking lot"
2. stop maintaining or insisting on; of ideas, claims, etc.;
"He abandoned the thought of asking for her hand in marriage"
"Both sides have to give up some calims in these negociations"
3. give up with the intent of never claiming again;
"Abandon your life to God"
"She gave up her children to her ex-husband when she moved to Tahiti"
"We gave the drowning victim up for dead"
4. leave behind empty; move out of;
"You must vacate your office by tonight"
5. leave someone who needs or counts on you; leave in the lurch;
"The mother deserted her children"
with abandon恣意地,放纵地
abandon ship弃船
preclude排除
discard丢弃,抛弃(可指人也可指物)
abandon放弃(某物)
eliminate消除,淘汰
abolish(依法)废除
dismiss解雇
以上来源于网络
这组词都有“抛弃、放弃”的意思,其区别是:
desert着重指违背法律责任和义务,或自己的信仰与誓言的行为,多含非难的意味。
leave普通用词,指舍弃某事或某一职业,或终止同一某人的关系,但不涉及动机与果。
give up普通用语,侧重指没有希望或因外界压力而放弃。
forsake侧重断绝感情上的依恋,自愿抛弃所喜欢的人或物。也指抛弃信仰或改掉恶习。
abandon强调永远或完全放弃或抛弃人或事物等,这可能是被迫的,也可能是自愿的。
以上来源于网络
desert违背前约,放弃应尽的责任或义务
abandon因无用或厌烦而彻底放弃;
以上来源于网络
14世纪晚期,“彻底放弃(某事物),放弃控制,完全交出”; 也反身,“投降(自己),完全屈服(于宗教、通奸等)”,源自古法语 abandonner“投降,释放; 自由地给予,允许”,也反身,“献身”(12世纪)。
古法语单词由副词短语à bandon“任意地,随意地”形成,由à“在,到”(来自拉丁语 ad; 见 ad-)和 bandon“权力,管辖范围”组成,来自拉丁语 bannum,“公告”,源自法兰克或其他日耳曼语言中的词汇,来自原始日耳曼语* bannan-“宣布,召唤,放逐”(所有这些都是通过公告完成的); 见 ban(v.)。
Mettre sa forest à bandon was a feudal law phrase in the 13th cent. = mettre sa forêt à permission, i.e. to open it freely to any one for pasture or to cut wood in; hence the later sense of giving up one's rights for a time, letting go, leaving, abandoning. [Auguste Brachet, "An Etymological Dictionary of the French Language," transl. G.W. Kitchin, Oxford, 1878]
Mettre sa forest à bandon 是13世纪的封建法律短语= mettre sa forêt à permission,即自由地向任何人开放牧场或砍伐木材; 因此,后来的意义是暂时放弃自己的权利,放手,离开,放弃。[奥古斯特·布拉谢(Auguste Brachet),《法语词源词典》,G.W. Kitchin 译,牛津,1878年]
“离开,抛弃,遗弃(需要某人或某物)”的意思来自15世纪晚期。相关: Abandoned; abandoning。
从词源上讲,这个词带有“把(某物)置于他人控制之下”的意义,这个词最早出现在英语中是作为副词(13世纪中期),意思是“在(某人)的控制下”,因此也是“不受限制的”。
Again, as that which is placed at the absolute command of one party must by the same act be entirely given up by the original possessor, it was an easy step from the sense of conferring the command of a thing upon some particular person to that of renouncing all claim to authority over the subject matter, without particular reference to the party into whose hands it might come ; and thus in modern times the word has come to be used almost exclusively in the sense renunciation or desertion. [Hensleigh Wedgwood, "A Dictionary of English Etymology," 1859]
同样,由于将某物置于一方的绝对命令之下必然意味着原始持有者完全放弃对主题的权威主张,因此从将某物的命令授予某个特定人物的意义转向了放弃对主题的所有权威主张,而不特别涉及可能接手的一方; 因此,在现代,这个词几乎只用于放弃或背叛的意义。[亨斯利·韦奇伍德(Hensleigh Wedgwood),《英语词源词典》,1859年]
弃权
退场
背弃
Verb Middle English abandounen, borrowed from Anglo-French abanduner, derivative of abandun "surrender, abandonment," from the phrase a bandun "in one's power, at one's disposal," from a "at, to" (going back to Latin ad "to") + bandun "jurisdiction," going back to a Gallo-Romance derivative of Old Low Franconian *bann- "summons, command" (with -d- probably from outcomes of Germanic *bandwō "sign") — more at at >entry 1, ban >entry 1, banner >entry 1 Noun borrowed from French, in part derivative of abandonner "to abandon," in part going back to Old French abandon, abandun "surrender" — more at abandon >entry 1
The first known use of abandon was in the 14th century
abolishverb
to do away with completely : put an end to
abnormaladjective
differing from the normal or average : unusual
ability1 of 2noun
the quality or state of being able : power to do something
competence in doing : skill
natural or learned skill
-ability2 of 2noun suffix
ability, fitness, or likeliness to act or be acted on in (such) a way
readability
abideverb
to wait for
to bear patiently : tolerate
last entry 1 sense 1, endure
an abiding friendship
to live or continue in a place : dwell
abandon1 of 2verb
to give up completely
to withdraw from often in the face of danger
abandon ship
to withdraw protection, support, or help from
abandoned the dog
to give oneself up to an emotion
abandon2 of 2noun
a complete yielding to natural impulsesespecially: enthusiasm sense 1, exuberance
1 He crept closer and hid behind an abandoned delivery truck.
2 But Rafik thought she had passed the camp and was heading down through low bushes and scraggly trees toward the runways at the abandoned airport.
3 Arguments for belief in magic and witchcraft were largely abandoned.
4 No one knew where Scipio spent the nights, and he never spoke about it, although every now and then he would drop a mysterious hint about an abandoned church.
5 But to abandon Orr’s tent would be to abandon Orr, who would have been spurned and humiliated clannishly by these four simple-minded officers waiting to move in.
6 When Hernando de Soto became the first European conquistador to march through the southeastern United States, in 1540, he came across Indian town sites abandoned two years earlier because the inhabitants had died in epidemics.
7 All lay in uneasy silence, putting me in mind of the abandoned village where I had first met Bear.
8 One night, we find shelter in an abandoned hut.
9 Those unreal languages always cannot satisfy human beings. but what do we have after abandoning them?
那些虚妄的语言总是不能让人类释怀, 可抛弃它之后,人类还剩 什么 ?
10 If Salla abandoned Stannis and his cause, he pointed out, he abandoned all hope of collecting the gold that was due him.
11 Soon she will abandon looking and eat another delicacy—or at least I hope she will.
12 At her words, the girls abandoned the tray of petit fours and scrambled to sit in front of the television set.
13 Soon the other families abandoned their homes on the flatland and went up to the hills.
14 Countless times he could have abandoned us, taken his fortune, and fled.
15 But Booth must have been unhappy with Herold for abandoning Powell, whom he especially liked.
16 We can not abandon our rules.
我们不能放弃我们的规则.
17 Three days later, his jacket and knapsack were found abandoned, miles into the woods.
18 I abandon Du Barry's instructions: the snowy skin, the black hair, the rosebud lips.
19 There’s not much here, a crossroad, woodland, and an abandoned church that looks like it’s ready to fall down.
20 I am not abandoning Nell, I told myself sternly; I’m doing the right thing, no matter how much it hurts.
1 抛弃
rejection abandonment desertion drop reject desert scrap ditch chuck renounce forsake cast aside slough off leave dump junk discard unlearn jilt throw aside throw over cast away run out on obsolete dereliction quit divest jettison lose fling slough renege chuck out throw overboard walk out on disposal dumping chuck overboard toss overboard chuck away turf out get out of walk out do away with toss aside cast off toss out deep-six give up throw away turn your back on toss forgo divest yourself of boot out shuck off out the window turn against resignation renunciation repudiation heave-ho dingo dice foot throw cast shed resign sling cashier remit desolate shuffle off fling up be cast away turn from fling away fling off
2 放肆
fresh familiar extravagant laxative unbridled wanton presumptuous immodest licentious ungovernable presuming self-abandon freedom liberty licence fling abandonment presumption immodesty immoderation impudicity unrestraint rage presume
3 听任
4 任性
rackle wild arbitrary naughty impulsive heady unruly wayward indiscriminate wanton capricious wilful headstrong self-indulgent ramshackle fractious obstreperous thrawn self-assertive self-will freak whim caprice self-indulgence arbitrariness self-assertion indiscrimination free affectionate willful freaky rambunctious freakish incorrigible self-willed bullheaded pettish cross-grained dissocial arbitrarily fancy abandonment freakiness freakery
5 舍弃
fail quit relinquish forgo forbear doff abnegate shove by sacrifice desert walk out walk out on part with
6 放弃
vacation surrender abandonment abdication relinquishment abnegation release drop waive chuck relinquish forgo cede jettison abdicate abnegate chuck in back down resignation renunciation dereliction recantation remise go depart recant desert quit jack resign discard renounce forsake discontinue turn from hand in checks throw in the sponge hurl to the wind quit hold of chuck up waiver delivery disclaimer rendering cession palinode for- unguard deny render axe Chuck disclaim shelve divest part leave hold lose break yield abort renege flunk whistle down the wind turn back on throw overboard pass up thumbs down skip it retreat compromise scrap eschew give up the ghost bottle it give up as a bad job kiss goodbye get out of give up back off throw up part with go without bail out grow out of jack in chicken out bag reverse lapse forswear deep-six back off from let drop throw your hand in close the book on let go lay down let go of pack up back down on back down from forget set aside out the window call off throw in the towel rendition demission nonuse voidance renegue throw refuse shed fork dismiss remit scuttle unwish demit abdicable disclamation giveaway abstention desist vail cut exchange spike ditch omit refrain wean surcease give up the ship fling up deny oneself divest oneself of toss it in heave up pick up marbles buy it cast by give it away break of fling away deliver shake wean from kiss good bye to give up for lost fling to the winds throw to the winds render up
7 停止
stop arrest freeze halt cessation standstill let-up drop kill lift quit terminate cease discontinue chuck shelve desist lay to rest give up cut off lay off come off pull up pack up draw up drive out put to rest choke off leave off call it a day drive out of withdrawal stoppage close pass rest perish deflect immobilize call a halt close up at rest let up break off the end of the road fall silent jack in come to rest blow over come to a stop suspensory off stay cut stand dwell rundown shutoff discontinuance stopping cutoff letup arrestation suspend depart stint remit conk surcease stash can fold chuck it pack it up pick up marbles lay an embargo on
8 遗弃者
10 完全屈从于
11 中止
stop stay break suspension interval pause halt stoppage time cancel spike interrupt intercept lapse abort adjourn put a lid on abandonment rest arrest cancellation moratorium suspend give up take off end close kill seize up get given the chop
12 陷入
immersion throw lock slip bury entangle embroil enmesh let in for let yourself in for land yourself in get yourself into come in get into land in plunge into get caught up in come in on lapse into be caught up in
13 断绝
break divorce interruption rupture severance discontinuity discontinuance drop part stop cut wean sever tie-up
14 遗弃
dereliction desert dump forsake run out on throw over abandonment desolation desertion fall away lorn desolate derelict leave walk out on jilt walk out vacant repudiate exposure reprobation reprobate
17 投保
20 丢弃
disposal drop dump trash discard ditch chuck blot deliver slough chuck out waste leave bin junk divest jettison deep-six chuck away on the scrapheap get rid of throw away cast aside set aside
21 中断
gappy break relay breakdown cease interrupt interruption stint lapse punctuation abort blip intermission discontinuity discontinuance cutoff caesura saltus hold stop fail surcease intermit cut drop suspend discontinue pretermit tune off bring up short
22 离开
dep. outgoing out off away clear get departure going exodus egress out- off- outside go part leave split retire quit retreat depart bail detach abstain forsake clear off part company from part company with skip out on get out go away get out of get away out of here get off keep away get along get away from go off stay away walk out stay away from come away with push off walk out on keep away from part company back exit stir withdraw wander decamp disgorge detach yourself make tracks bugger off absent yourself up sticks bale out make yourself scarce walk away head off break with draw away come away draw out ship out piss off duck out
25 弃守
26 放任
indulgence laissez-aller allow permissive licence permissiveness liberal licentious spoil indulge unchecked loose connive let loose
29 背弃
broken lapsed deny backtrack break faith with break with runout forsake turn back on go back upon
30 放纵
binge decadence self-abandonment indulge riot sins of the flesh decadent riotous licence orgy looseness luxurious wanton unrestrained intemperate orgiastic swing indulgence debauchery humor with abandon rambunctious light crazy abandoned inordinate permissive profligate ungovernable full-frontal loose dissipation glut wallow laissez-aller unbridle indulgent dissolute self-abandoned large wide lax unlicensed unbridled ungoverned hog-wild reinless incontinent extravagancy laisser-aller license jazz abandonment extravagance laxity intemperance truck
31 无所顾忌
32 纵情